BIOMECHANICS OF CERVICAL SPINE WHIPLASH INJURIES

颈椎挥鞭性损伤的生物力学

• 批准号: 3162576
• 负责人: MANOHAR M PANJABI
• 金额: $ 23.84万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-20 至 1996-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3162576
• 关键词: biomechanics; body movement; head /neck injury; head movements; human tissue; injury prevention; nervous system disorder diagnosis; radiography; spinal cord injury; vertebrae

Most injuries of the cervical spine are soft tissue injuries, and not vertebral fractures. The accident victims with soft tissue injuries have been known to have residual pain for many years after the accident. The overall objective of the proposed research is to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of these injuries to the cervical spine caused by sudden acceleration/deceleration of the head with respect to the trunk, the so called whiplash injuries. The available research studies have used whole cadavers, anthropometric dummies, and mathematical models to simulate the injury-causing events. The traumatic event is studied from outside and not at the site of injury in the cervical spine. The uniqueness of the proposed research lies in its ability to directly study the site of injury during the trauma. Fresh cadaveric specimens (occiput to T1) will be utilized. The specimen is provided with a simulated headpiece. The trauma is produced in a specially constructed apparatus where the acceleration at the base of the specimen, the T1 vertebra, is simulated to be similar to that documented in real life rear-end car crashes. Radiographs are taken and multidirectional instability measurements are conducted before the trauma and immediately after. The trauma is documented by measuring the loads at the base of the specimen, accelerations of the headpiece, movements of the vertebrae, and deformations of the ligaments, muscles, and arteries. After the trauma, the specimen is carefully dissected, and injuries to the various soft tissues and bone are quantified. Studies are conducted when the head is in the midsagittal plane and when the head is rotated and side-bent to simulate the more complex real life situations. Correlations will be established between the input accelerations and several output measures: quantified injuries, multidirectional instabilities, and radiographic measurements. The significance of the research lies in a better understanding of the mechanisms of whiplash injuries and, specifically, in the: prevention of these injuries by designing optimal automotive seats and sports equipment; diagnosis of the injuries by developing radiographic tests that are more sensitive to documenting the soft tissue injuries; and, treatment by better assessment of the anatomic injuries and multidirectional instabilities of the cervical spine.

颈椎损伤多为软组织损伤， 不是椎骨骨折。 事故受害者软组织 据了解，受伤后多年仍会残留疼痛。 事故。 拟议研究的总体目标是 更好地了解这些伤害的机制 突然加速/减速引起的颈椎损伤 头部相对于躯干，即所谓的颈部扭伤 受伤。 现有的研究使用了整个尸体， 人体测量假人以及模拟的数学模型 造成伤害的事件。 从外部研究创伤事件 而不是在颈椎受伤的部位。 这 拟议研究的独特性在于它能够直接 研究创伤期间的受伤部位。 新鲜尸体 将使用样本（枕骨至 T1）。 标本是 配有模拟头饰。 创伤产生于 特殊构造的装置，其中底部的加速度 样本的 T1 椎骨被模拟为类似于 记录了现实生活中的追尾车祸。 射线照片是 进行多向不稳定性测量 创伤发生前和创伤后立即。 创伤已被记录 通过测量样本底部的载荷、加速度 头件的运动、椎骨的运动和变形 韧带、肌肉和动脉。 外伤发生后， 标本被仔细解剖，各种软组织受伤 组织和骨骼被量化。 研究进行时 头部位于正中矢状面，当头部旋转时 侧弯以模拟更复杂的现实生活情况。 输入加速度之间将建立相关性 以及一些输出措施：量化伤害、多向 不稳定性和射线照相测量。 这项研究的意义在于更好地了解 颈部扭伤的机制，特别是在： 通过设计最佳的汽车座椅来预防这​​些伤害 和运动器材；通过开发来诊断损伤 射线照相测试对记录软性更敏感 组织损伤；并且，通过更好地评估来进行治疗 解剖损伤和多向不稳定性 颈椎。