State-dependent and cell-type-specific information processing in auditory cortex

听觉皮层中状态依赖性和细胞类型特异性的信息处理

• 批准号: BB/K016830/1
• 负责人: Shuzo Sakata
• 金额: $ 39.51万
• 依托单位: University of Strathclyde
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FK016830%2F1
• 关键词: State; dependent; cell; type; specific

When we are paying attention to music, we can clearly perceive it. When we sleep, however, our perception is significantly diminished. But why? As this simple example, we can perceive exactly same sounds differently depending on our behavioural conditions (e.g., wakefulness vs sleep). But we really don't know exactly how this happens in our brain.The key is an "internal state" of our brain. Intriguingly, even when we sleep, our brain is still active: our brain is never at rest. But the pattern of brain activity during sleep is different from it in paying attention to sounds. Thus, such "brain states" must be a key to solve the mystery. Our proposed research concerns how our brain processes sounds depending on different brain states.We will study this at cellular resolution. The neocortex is the brain structure that is highly evolved in the mammals, in particular humans. While millions of neurons are communicating each other, there are many different types of neurons, like our social networks. In the neocortex, neurons form an organised layer structure and in every single layer there are different types of neurons. One of the biggest mysteries in contemporary brain sciences is why they are so diverse. Our proposed research also concerns such neuronal diversity.Given these two contexts (brain states and neuronal diversity), we will ask how different brain states affect auditory processing in a part of the neocortex, called auditory cortex, and how diverse neurons process sound signals differently. We will address these questions, combining two advanced technologies (called massively parallel neural recording and optogenetics). Our proposed research will advance our understanding of how we (do not) hear sounds and how the brain works. These efforts will eventually create new opportunities to develop the treatment of hearing disorders and brain diseases.

当我们专注于音乐时，我们可以清楚地感知到它，然而当我们睡觉时，我们的感知力明显减弱。但为什么呢？作为这个简单的例子，我们可以根据我们的行为条件（例如，觉醒vs睡眠）。但我们真的不知道这到底是如何在我们的大脑中发生的，关键是我们大脑的“内部状态”。有趣的是，即使在我们睡觉的时候，我们的大脑仍然是活跃的：我们的大脑永远不会休息。但睡眠期间的大脑活动模式与关注声音的模式不同。因此，这种“大脑状态”一定是解开谜团的关键。我们提出的研究关注我们的大脑如何根据不同的大脑状态处理声音。我们将在细胞分辨率上研究这一点。新皮层是哺乳动物，特别是人类高度进化的大脑结构。虽然有数百万个神经元在相互交流，但神经元有许多不同的类型，就像我们的社交网络一样。在新皮层中，神经元形成有组织的层结构，在每一层中有不同类型的神经元。当代脑科学中最大的谜团之一是为什么它们如此多样化。我们提出的研究也关注这种神经元的多样性，考虑到这两个背景（大脑状态和神经元多样性），我们将询问不同的大脑状态如何影响新皮层（称为听觉皮层）的听觉处理，以及不同的神经元如何以不同的方式处理声音信号。我们将结合两种先进技术（称为大规模并行神经记录和光遗传学）来解决这些问题。我们提出的研究将促进我们对我们如何（不）听到声音和大脑如何工作的理解。这些努力最终将为开发听力障碍和脑部疾病的治疗方法创造新的机会。

项目成果

Effects of optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons on Alzheimer's disease pathology.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72421-9
• 发表时间: 2020-09-22
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Wilson CA;Fouda S;Sakata S
• 通讯作者: Sakata S

Effects of optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons on Alzheimer's disease pathology

基底前脑小清蛋白神经元光遗传学刺激对阿尔茨海默病病理学的影响

• DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.26.062950
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Wilson C

State-dependent and cell type-specific temporal processing in auditory thalamocortical circuit.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep18873
• 发表时间: 2016-01-05
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Sakata S

Distinct Temporal Coordination of Spontaneous Population Activity between Basal Forebrain and Auditory Cortex.

• DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2017.00064
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Frontiers in neural circuits
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Yague JG;Tsunematsu T;Sakata S
• 通讯作者: Sakata S

Optogenetic activation of neocortical neurons in vivo with a sapphire-based micro-scale LED probe.

• DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2015.00025
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Frontiers in neural circuits
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: McAlinden N;Gu E;Dawson MD;Sakata S;Mathieson K
• 通讯作者: Mathieson K