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A New Conditional Gene Regulation System in Plants

植物中新的条件基因调控系统

基本信息

批准号：
BB/L006170/1
负责人：
Brendan Davies
金额：
$ 53.22万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL006170%2F1
关键词：
New Conditional Gene Regulation System

项目摘要

The ability to switch gene expression on and off is a critical factor in an organism's capacity to respond to internal and external cues. The sessile nature of plants means that the need to be able to respond rapidly to ever changing environmental conditions is of particular importance. Until recently, it was thought that the major pathways of gene regulation occurred before transcription. However, it is now known that post-transcriptional processes play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. Among these processes is the control of mRNA stability. Whereas the regulation of mRNA stability by miRNAs has been well explored in plants and continues to provide new insights into plant growth and development, other forms of mRNA stability control are less well understood. Some mRNA transcripts are specifically targeted for degradation based on inherent features that induce a process known as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). NMD regulates the stability of a large number of eukaryotic transcripts (of the order of 10% in a range of species), and by moving transcripts into or out of the influence of NMD a cell is able to respond quickly to urgent signals. We have recently discovered that a highly conserved signal (the Conserved Peptide upstream Open Reading Frame - CPuORF) targets specific mRNAs for destruction by NMD. Our evidence suggests that this happens conditionally, in response to a range of signals including abiotic stress, the presence of specific small molecules and in response to changes in translational efficiency. Together with Bayer CropScience, as part of an Industrial partnership Award, we seek support to investigate this novel form of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression and to determine its potential for crop improvement.

打开和关闭基因表达的能力是生物体响应内部和外部线索的能力的关键因素。植物的固着性质意味着能够快速响应不断变化的环境条件尤为重要。直到最近，人们还认为基因调控的主要途径发生在转录之前。然而，现在已知转录后过程在调节基因表达中发挥着至关重要的作用。这些过程中包括对 mRNA 稳定性的控制。尽管 miRNA 对 mRNA 稳定性的调节已在植物中得到了很好的探索，并不断为植物生长和发育提供新的见解，但其他形式的 mRNA 稳定性控制却鲜为人知。一些 mRNA 转录物基于固有特征，专门针对降解，这些特征会诱导称为无义介导的 mRNA 衰减 (NMD) 的过程。 NMD 调节大量真核转录本的稳定性（在一系列物种中约为 10%），并且通过将转录本移入或移出 NMD 的影响，细胞能够快速响应紧急信号。我们最近发现高度保守的信号（保守肽上游开放阅读框 - CPuORF）针对特定 mRNA 进行 NMD 破坏。我们的证据表明，这种情况的发生是有条件的，是对一系列信号的反应，包括非生物胁迫、特定小分子的存在以及对翻译效率变化的反应。作为工业合作奖的一部分，我们与拜耳作物科学一起寻求支持来研究这种新型的基因表达转录后调控，并确定其对作物改良的潜力。