A biological rationale for NMD in plants

植物中 NMD 的生物学原理

• 批准号: BB/H00775X/1
• 负责人: Brendan Davies
• 金额: $ 45.86万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FH00775X%2F1
• 关键词: biological; rationale; NMD; plants

Animals, fungi and plants split a long time ago and have evolved very different life strategies. Nevertheless, clues to their common origin can be found in the form of conserved processes carried out using many of the same components in all eukaryotes. Gene expression is one such process and the ability to turn genes on and off, up and down is fundamental to life. There are many ways to regulate gene activity. One of the least studied involves regulating the stability of molecules known as mRNA; the messenger signals that move from the genes in the nucleus to where the proteins are made in the cytoplasm. Recently, it has been discovered that a mechanism called NMD, that used to be considered as a sort of quality control sift for mRNA, destroying 'bad' mRNA before it ordered the production of the wrong proteins, actually oversees lots of different mRNAs, including many that appear to be normal. A working estimate of the total number of genes that could typically be inspected by NMD could be as many as 5% - perhaps 1500 genes. Why would a cell go to the expense of copying lots of genes into mRNA only to quickly destroy the mRNA again before its instructions could be acted upon? We have been looking at mutant plants where NMD is not working properly, both by studying the consequences for the plant as a whole and by looking at the effect on all of the plant's mRNA levels. These analyses have identified a potential biological rationale for what appears to be an energetically wasteful arrangement. Our work indicates that plants use NMD to suppress the levels of mRNAs that they will need quickly if they find themselves exposed to an environmental challenge, such as a change in the climate of a pathogen attack. This makes sense because by stopping NMD from destroying specific mRNA the plant can make those mRNAs stable, so that they can be translated many times over to make the necessary proteins to deal with the challenge the plant faces. Presently we have a list of both indirect and direct NMD targets in the plant cell. To dissect the interaction between the environment and co-ordinated gene regulation via mRNA stability we first need to identify both the direct targets and which of the conserved components are required to specify which target. At that point we can make artificial targets so that we can study how the environment signals to NMD and we can tease out the full range of responses mediated by this ancient process. This research could have applied benefits in terms of understanding plant interactions with pathogens and the environment and also by providing the tools to artificially conditionally regulate the stability and hence translatability of mRNA messages.

动物，真菌和植物很久以前分裂，并发展了截然不同的生活策略。然而，可以使用所有真核生物中许多相同组成部分进行的保守过程的形式找到其共同起源的线索。基因表达就是这样一个过程，并且能够开关和关闭基因，上下上下是生命的基础。有许多调节基因活性的方法。研究最少的一种涉及调节称为mRNA的分子的稳定性。从细胞核中的基因转移到细胞质中蛋白质的位置的信使信号。最近，已经发现一种称为NMD的机制，该机制被认为是一种用于mRNA的质量控制筛分，在订购了错误的蛋白质之前破坏了“不良” mRNA，实际上负责监督许多不同的mRNA，包括许多似乎正常的mRNA。 NMD通常可以检查的基因总数的工作估计值可能高达5％ - 也许是1500个基因。为什么一个细胞要花钱将许多基因复制到mRNA中只是为了迅速摧毁mRNA，然后才能采取指示？我们一直在研究NMD无法正常工作的突变植物，无论是通过研究对整个植物的后果以及对所有植物mRNA水平的影响而产生的后果。这些分析已经确定了似乎有能量浪费的安排的潜在生物学原理。我们的工作表明，植物使用NMD抑制如果发现自己受到环境挑战的影响，例如病原体攻击气候的变化，他们将需要迅速需要的mRNA水平。这是有道理的，因为通过阻止NMD破坏特定的mRNA，该植物可以使这些mRNA稳定，以便可以将它们翻译多次以制定必要的蛋白质来应对植物面临的挑战。目前，我们在植物细胞中有间接和直接NMD目标的列表。为了通过mRNA稳定性进行剖析环境与协调基因调节之间的相互作用，我们首先需要确定直接目标以及需要哪些保守成分来指定哪个目标。到那时，我们可以制定人工目标，以便我们可以研究环境如何向NMD发出信号，并可以逗弄这一古老过程所介导的全部响应。这项研究可以在理解与病原体和环境的植物相互作用方面以及通过提供人工有条件调节mRNA信息的稳定性和可翻译性的工具来应用好处。

项目成果

Conservation of Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay Complex Components Throughout Eukaryotic Evolution.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16942-w
• 发表时间: 2017-11-30
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Causier B;Li Z;De Smet R;Lloyd JPB;Van de Peer Y;Davies B
• 通讯作者: Davies B

The salicylic acid dependent and independent effects of NMD in plants.

• DOI: 10.4161/psb.21960
• 发表时间: 2012-11
• 期刊: Plant signaling & behavior
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Rayson S;Ashworth M;de Torres Zabala M;Grant M;Davies B
• 通讯作者: Davies B

A role for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in plants: pathogen responses are induced in Arabidopsis thaliana NMD mutants.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031917
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Rayson S;Arciga-Reyes L;Wootton L;De Torres Zabala M;Truman W;Graham N;Grant M;Davies B
• 通讯作者: Davies B

The loss of SMG1 causes defects in quality control pathways in Physcomitrella patens.

• DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky225
• 发表时间: 2018-06-20
• 期刊: Nucleic acids research
• 影响因子: 14.9
• 作者: Lloyd JPB;Lang D;Zimmer AD;Causier B;Reski R;Davies B
• 通讯作者: Davies B