ULTRASONIC SCATTER IN SOFT TISSUES AND TISSUE PHANTOMS

软组织和组织模型中的超声散射

• 批准号: 3177998
• 负责人: JAMES A. ZAGZEBSKI
• 金额: $ 11.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1988-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3177998
• 关键词: adipocytes; brain cell; image processing; liver cells; muscle cells; phantom model; radiobiology; tissues; ultrasonography; ultrasound biological effect

Our objectives are to determine the intrinsic ultrasonic scattering properties of human soft tissues and to produce phantoms which have scattering identical to organs imaged with diagnostic ultrasound. Since phantom materials already exist which have speeds of sound, density and ultrasonic attenuation matched to soft tissue parenchyma, the matching scatter will result in tissue equivalent phantoms. These would be extremely useful for performance evaluation of clinical instruments, for developing ultrasonic tissue characterization techniques and for studying mechanisms underlying the generation of scattered echo signals and production of image details on clinical scans. Backscatter from large volume samples will be studied, analogous to similar work carried out by other investigators. In addition, apparatus has been developed for measuring the differential scattering cross section per unit volume. The latter technique allows the scatter as a function of angle to be quantitatively determined for frequencies throughout the diagnostic range. Measurements from volumetric scattering standards will be used to verify that the measurement process provides instrument independent (intrinsic) scatter values. The differential scatter cross section will be measured for normal human liver, fat, muscle and brain tissue. Comparisons will be made between in vivo measurements and in vitro measurements of ultrasonic backscattering for organs in large laboratory animals. Tissue equivalent phantoms will be developed using newly developed materials, combining mixtures of small particle and intermediate size scatterers. Water based gels used in this project will allow an iterative approach to the problem of matching scatter. The role of scatter on clinical ultrasound images will be investigated by studying the generation of echo signals and gray scale texture in phantoms. Texture analysis studies will account for the intrinsic scatter properties of the phantom as well as the temporal and spatial transducer characteristics and other components of the imaging chain.

我们的目标是确定固有的超声散射 人体软组织的特性，并产生具有 与用诊断超声成像的器官相同的散射。 以来 幻影物质已经存在，它们具有声速、密度和 超声衰减与软组织实质相匹配， 散射将导致组织等效体模。 这些将是非常 用于临床仪器的性能评估，用于开发 超声组织定征技术和研究机制 散射回波信号的产生和图像的产生 临床扫描的细节 来自大体积样品的反向散射将是 研究，类似于其他研究人员进行的类似工作。 在 此外，还研制了一种测量微分的装置， 单位体积的散射截面。 后一种技术允许 作为角度的函数的散射， 整个诊断范围内的频率。 体积测量 散射标准将用于验证测量过程 提供与仪器无关的（固有）散射值。 的 将测量正常人肝脏的微分散射截面， 脂肪肌肉和脑组织 将在体内进行比较 测量和体外测量的超声背向散射 大型实验室动物的器官。 组织等效体模将是 使用新开发的材料开发，结合小的混合物 颗粒和中间尺寸散射体。 其中使用的水基凝胶 项目将允许一个迭代的方法来匹配的问题 散开 散射对临床超声图像的作用将是 通过研究回波信号和灰度的产生， 幻影中的纹理。 纹理分析研究将解释 体模的固有散射特性以及时间和 空间换能器特性和成像的其他组件 链