MAGIC Yield: Deploying MAGIC Populations for Rapid Development of Genetic Markers for Yield Improvement in Elite UK Winter Wheat

MAGIC Yield：部署 MAGIC 群体以快速开发遗传标记，从而提高英国优质冬小麦的产量

• 批准号: BB/M008908/1
• 负责人: James Cockram
• 金额: $ 38.18万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM008908%2F1
• 关键词: MAGIC; Yield; Deploying; Populations; Rapid

Context:Wheat is the UK's major crop, covering 1.6 million hectares. Maintaining wheat yield is a critical component towards achieving economically and environmentally sustainable food security. To meet growing demand, wheat yields must increase; in the UK, this needs to take place against a background of unpredictable climate and reduced inputs. Delivering 'sustainable intensification' requires breeders to improve both yield and yield stability, in the face of unpredictable future environments. After a post-war period of sustained on-farm UK wheat yield increases, a result of both genetic and agronomic improvement, there has been no increasing trend in yield over the last fifteen years. Improved methods to increase the rate of genetic improvement represent a critical component of the solution. For the first time in UK wheat research, this project utilises a powerful combination of newly available approaches and resources, allowing detection of the genetic determinants of yield at high-precision, thus enabling rapid deployment of project outcomes within the six participating industrial partners. Central is the use of our unique Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population, which combines high genetic diversity (originating from eight UK wheat varieties), and high levels of genetic reshuffling ('genetic recombination', captured via multiple rounds of intercrossing, and the generation of the resulting 1,000 progeny lines).Project objectives: MAGIC Yield targets the genetic improvement of grain yield, the principle target for both breeders and farmers. It exploits the powerful union of high-density genetic marker coverage with a MAGIC population that captures high levels of genetic recombination and diversity, to:(1) Identify and characterise the genetic regions in wheat controlling yield, yield components and yield stability, at high precision.(2) Provide a molecular tool-kit with which wheat breeders can use in their breeding programs to deploy and track the regions of the wheat genome found to confer beneficial yield and yield stability.(3) Provide the participating breeders with analysis pipelines and resources with which they can independently carry out analysis of MAGIC datasets, both within and after project duration.(4) Use the novel molecular breeding methodology, Genomic Selection, to allow selection for yield and yield stability in the MAGIC lines, based on molecular data alone.(5) Provide resources centered around the MAGIC population, from which future studies targeting additional components of sustainable wheat production can be undertaken.(6) Develop and enhance interaction between the academic and industrial wheat R&D communities to ensure results and resources are effectively disseminated for the benefit of UK agriculture.Applications and benefits: The ability to apply modern molecular breeding approaches to precisely determine the determinants of yield and yield stability will lead to the development of new wheat varieties with improved performance. Such varieties would be of major benefit to the UK agronomy sector, helping increase wheat yields and protect against current and future threats to production from a changing climate. Promoting the UK's wheat R&D sector will help ensure the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, and support UK-based crop research and innovation. Ultimately, promoting stable and sustainable UK wheat production benefits the consumer in terms of food prices, and minimising the environmental impact of food production.

背景：小麦是英国的主要作物，占地160万公顷。保持小麦产量是实现经济和环境可持续粮食安全的一个关键组成部分。为了满足不断增长的需求，小麦产量必须增加;在英国，这需要在气候不可预测和投入减少的背景下进行。实现“可持续集约化”要求育种者在面对不可预测的未来环境时提高产量和产量稳定性。战后英国小麦产量持续增加，这是遗传和农艺改良的结果，但在过去15年中产量没有增加的趋势。提高遗传改良率的改进方法是解决办法的一个关键组成部分。在英国小麦研究中，该项目首次利用了新的可用方法和资源的强大组合，可以高精度地检测产量的遗传决定因素，从而能够在六个参与的工业合作伙伴中快速部署项目成果。核心是使用我们独特的多亲本高级世代间杂交（MAGIC）群体，该群体结合了高遗传多样性（源自八个英国小麦品种），以及高水平的基因重组（“基因重组”，通过多轮杂交捕获，并产生1，000个后代品系）。MAGIC Yield的目标是谷物产量的遗传改良，这是育种者和农民的主要目标。它利用高密度遗传标记覆盖率与捕获高水平遗传重组和多样性的MAGIC群体的强大结合，以：（1）高精度地鉴定和定位小麦中控制产量、产量构成因素和产量稳定性的遗传区域。(2)提供一个分子工具包，小麦育种者可以在他们的育种计划中使用，以部署和跟踪小麦基因组中发现的有益产量和产量稳定性的区域。(3)为参与育种者提供分析管道和资源，使他们能够在项目期间和之后独立进行MAGIC数据集的分析。(4)使用新的分子育种方法，基因组选择，允许选择产量和产量稳定性的MAGIC线，仅基于分子数据。(5)提供以MAGIC人口为中心的资源，以便将来针对可持续小麦生产的其他组成部分进行研究。(6)发展和加强学术界和工业界小麦研发团体之间的互动，以确保成果和资源得到有效传播，造福英国农业。应用和效益：应用现代分子育种方法精确确定产量和产量稳定性的决定因素的能力，将导致具有更好性能的新小麦品种的开发。这些品种将对英国农学部门产生重大利益，有助于提高小麦产量，并防止气候变化对当前和未来生产的威胁。促进英国小麦研发部门将有助于确保农业部门的竞争力，并支持英国的作物研究和创新。最终，促进稳定和可持续的英国小麦生产有利于消费者在食品价格方面，并尽量减少粮食生产对环境的影响。

项目成果

Maximizing the potential of multi-parental crop populations.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atg.2016.10.002
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: Applied & translational genomics
• 作者: Ladejobi, Olufunmilayo;Elderfield, James;Gardner, Keith A;Gaynor, R Chris;Hickey, John;Hibberd, Julian M;Mackay, Ian J;Bentley, Alison R
• 通讯作者: Bentley, Alison R

Using Genetic Distance to Infer the Accuracy of Genomic Prediction.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006288
• 发表时间: 2016-09
• 期刊: PLoS genetics
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Scutari M;Mackay I;Balding D
• 通讯作者: Balding D

A highly recombined, high-density, eight-founder wheat MAGIC map reveals extensive segregation distortion and genomic locations of introgression segments.

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12504
• 发表时间: 2016-06
• 期刊: Plant biotechnology journal
• 影响因子: 13.8
• 作者: Gardner KA;Wittern LM;Mackay IJ
• 通讯作者: Mackay IJ

Determining Phenological Patterns Associated with the Onset of Senescence in a Wheat MAGIC Mapping Population.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01540
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Frontiers in plant science
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Camargo AV;Mott R;Gardner KA;Mackay IJ;Corke F;Doonan JH;Kim JT;Bentley AR
• 通讯作者: Bentley AR

Global agricultural intensification during climate change: a role for genomics.

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12467
• 发表时间: 2016-04
• 期刊: Plant biotechnology journal
• 影响因子: 13.8
• 作者: Abberton M;Batley J;Bentley A;Bryant J;Cai H;Cockram J;de Oliveira AC;Cseke LJ;Dempewolf H;De Pace C;Edwards D;Gepts P;Greenland A;Hall AE;Henry R;Hori K;Howe GT;Hughes S;Humphreys M;Lightfoot D;Marshall A;Mayes S;Nguyen HT;Ogbonnaya FC;Ortiz R;Paterson AH;Tuberosa R;Valliyodan B;Varshney RK;Yano M
• 通讯作者: Yano M