Accelerated Breeding for Disease Resistance in Commercial Brassicas by Associative Transcriptomics

通过关联转录组学加速商业芸苔属抗病育种

• 批准号: BB/N01331X/1
• 负责人: Christopher Ridout
• 金额: $ 14.41万
• 依托单位: John Innes Centre
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN01331X%2F1
• 关键词: Accelerated; Breeding; Disease; Resistance; Commercial

Baby Leaf Kale (BLK) has been popularised as a super food, through the growing health awareness and weight loss movement in the USA and Europe. Consequently, the demand for BLK has increased with global consumption rising by 40% in just one year (2012 - 2013). Diseases caused by mildews and bacteria are a major problem in BLK production. This problem has become even more challenging due to enforced reductions in agrochemical use as a result of changing legislation in early 2015. There are also tight restrictions on the Minimal Residue Level (MRL) of pesticides and fungicides which are defined product by product and frequently reviewed. CN Seeds is a UK-based commercial seed breeding company specializing in breeding baby leaf salad seeds, including BLK and herb seeds. BLK has been the company's best-selling product over the last two years, accounting for 12% of total revenues. The continual introduction of new varieties that meet and exceed customer needs is a key component of CN Seeds competitive strategy. This interchange project addresses the challenge of developing disease-resistance with a commercially desirable BLK variety by transferring knowledge between scientists at JIC and CN Seeds. The JIC scientists are working on developing disease resistance in oilseed rape, an important brassica closely related to BLK. The methods that they are using for variety improvement in oilseed rape can be directly applied to BLK, and this interchange aims to transfer that knowledge. The JIC scientists will visit CN Seeds to learn about commercial production of seed for the leaf salad market and the constraints imposed by diseases. This will enable them to tailor their research to address this issue more effectively. A CN Seeds scientist will also work at JIC, learning how to develop disease-resistance screening procedures and about a novel breeding technique known as associative transcriptomics. This genetic technique rapidly identifies gene loci associated with disease resistance which can be used to develop molecular markers for accelerated breeding.The interchange benefits both JIC and UK science generally through improved understanding of the commercial constraints on seed production; this will enable researchers to target their science to achieve greater impact. The interchange is supported financially by CN Seeds which benefits through improved competitiveness against overseas rivals, increasing exports and revenue for the UK economy.

随着美国和欧洲健康意识的增强和减肥运动的兴起，羽衣甘蓝 (BLK) 作为一种超级食品而得到普及。因此，对 BLK 的需求不断增加，全球消费量在短短一年内（2012 年 - 2013 年）增长了 40%。由霉菌和细菌引起的疾病是 BLK 生产中的一个主要问题。由于 2015 年初立法变更而强制减少农用化学品的使用，这个问题变得更加具有挑战性。农药和杀菌剂的最低残留水平 (MRL) 也受到严格限制，这些限制是按产品定义的，并经常进行审查。 CN Seeds 是一家总部位于英国的商业种子育种公司，专门培育幼叶沙拉种子，包括 BLK 和香草种子。 BLK是该公司过去两年最畅销的产品，占总收入的12%。不断推出满足并超越客户需求的新品种是 CN Seeds 竞争战略的关键组成部分。该交流项目通过 JIC 和 CN Seeds 科学家之间的知识转移，解决了利用商业上理想的 BLK 品种开发抗病性的挑战。 JIC 的科学家们正在致力于开发油菜的抗病性，油菜是一种与 BLK 密切相关的重要芸苔属植物。他们用于油菜品种改良的方法可以直接应用于 BLK，这种交流旨在转移这些知识。 JIC的科学家将参观CN Seeds，了解叶菜沙拉市场种子的商业化生产以及疾病带来的限制。这将使他们能够调整研究以更有效地解决这个问题。 CN Seeds 的一名科学家也将在 JIC 工作，学习如何开发抗病筛选程序以及一种称为关联转录组学的新型育种技术。这种遗传技术可快速识别与抗病性相关的基因位点，可用于开发加速育种的分子标记。这种交流通常通过提高对种子生产商业限制的理解而使 JIC 和英国科学界受益；这将使研究人员能够瞄准他们的科学目标，以取得更大的影响。该交换中心得到 CN Seeds 的财政支持，该公司通过提高与海外竞争对手的竞争力、增加英国经济的出口和收入而受益。