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Investigating the potential of nutritional programming to improve the utilisation of sustainable feeds in aquaculture

研究营养规划在提高水产养殖中可持续饲料利用率方面的潜力

基本信息

批准号：
BB/R018812/1
负责人：
Douglas Tocher
金额：
$ 85.85万
依托单位：
University of Stirling
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR018812%2F1
关键词：
Investigating potential nutritional programming improve

项目摘要

This project will use the concept of "nutritional programming" to improve the efficiency of feed utilisation in aquaculture. Nutritional programming involves an early dietary intervention that can stimulate physiological functions during sensitive, early developmental stages, and effectively "programme" metabolic and immunological processes so that the animal can respond better to a similar dietary challenge later in life. Specifically the project will address issues with current salmon diets that now use high levels of plant protein and oils, which can lead to reduced performance in the fish and the final product that has lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Fish are an important component of a healthy diet providing high quality protein, key minerals and vitamins, and an almost unique source of the essential omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA. Increased dietary intake of these omega-3 fatty acids is associated with beneficial health effects, including reducing incidence and severity of inflammatory and pathological conditions including cardiovascular, neurological and developmental diseases. However, all marine fisheries are fully exploited and, since 2015, more than half of all fish and seafood is now supplied by aquaculture. Paradoxically, farmed fish, such as salmon, are themselves reliant on finite and limited supplies of fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO), themselves derived from marine fisheries. Alternative, more sustainable feeds have been developed with much of the FM and FO replaced by plant proteins and oils. While the replacement strategy has been in the most part successful it has had a major consequence in reducing levels of EPA and DHA in farmed fish compromising their nutritional quality for consumers. The level of replacement has now reached a critical point where it is having potentially detrimental effects on fish growth, feed efficiency and, importantly, fish health. The key aim of the present research is to develop new cutting-edge feeding strategies to improve the utilisation of sustainable feeds based on plant ingredients and thereby enhance the efficient production of healthy and nutritious farmed fish to benefit UK aquaculture and human consumers. The nutritional programming concept has been investigated in mammals and gained interest in human health studies. Results indicated that controlled early nutrition can improve growth and development, and reduce incidence or severity of particular health issues. In agriculture, understanding the consequential importance of the impact of early nutrition may help to improve production and mitigate potential problems of new feeds. Previously, we showed that a brief exposure of salmon at first feeding to a diet with very low marine ingredients improved the growth of the fish when they were challenged 3-months later with a similar low marine diet. This effect was not related to feed intake but to improved nutrient utilisation and retention and, specifically, EPA and DHA retention were increased many-fold. The over arching objective of the present study is to determine the potential of nutritional programming to improve the efficiency of sustainable feeds with very low marine (low omega-3) ingredients in long-term studies from first-feeding through to market size with focus on defining not only the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in nutritional programming but also the effects on fish health quantifying the potential commercial benefits of applying this strategy in UK salmon farming. The proposal is timely and highly relevant and appropriate as it responds to current needs with cutting edge research to improve the utilisation of modern alternative feeds in aquaculture, enhancing production and feed efficiency, while maintaining the health and nutritional quality of farmed fish, delivering greater sustainability and food security.

该项目将使用“营养规划”的概念来提高水产养殖中饲料利用的效率。营养规划涉及早期饮食干预，可以在敏感的早期发育阶段刺激生理功能，并有效地“规划”代谢和免疫过程，使动物能够更好地应对生命后期的类似饮食挑战。具体而言，该项目将解决目前鲑鱼饮食中使用高水平植物蛋白和油的问题，这可能导致鱼类和最终产品的性能降低，最终产品的omega-3脂肪酸水平较低。鱼是健康饮食的重要组成部分，提供高质量的蛋白质，关键矿物质和维生素，以及几乎独特的必需欧米茄-3脂肪酸，EPA和DHA的来源。这些ω-3脂肪酸的饮食摄入量增加与有益的健康效应相关，包括降低炎症和病理状况的发生率和严重程度，包括心血管、神经和发育疾病。然而，所有海洋渔业都得到了充分开发，自2015年以来，超过一半的鱼类和海产品现在由水产养殖提供。巧合的是，养殖鱼类，如鲑鱼，本身依赖于有限的鱼粉（FM）和鱼油（FO）供应，这些鱼粉和鱼油本身来自海洋渔业。替代性的，更可持续的饲料已经开发出来，其中大部分FM和FO被植物蛋白和油取代。虽然替代战略在很大程度上是成功的，但它在降低养殖鱼类中EPA和DHA的水平方面产生了重大影响，损害了消费者的营养质量。替代水平现已达到临界点，对鱼类生长、饲料效率以及重要的鱼类健康产生潜在的不利影响。本研究的主要目的是开发新的尖端饲养策略，以提高基于植物成分的可持续饲料的利用率，从而提高健康和营养的养殖鱼类的有效生产，以造福英国水产养殖和人类消费者。营养规划概念已在哺乳动物中进行了研究，并在人类健康研究中引起了兴趣。结果表明，控制早期营养可以改善生长和发育，并降低特定健康问题的发生率或严重程度。在农业方面，了解早期营养影响的重要性可能有助于提高产量和减轻新饲料的潜在问题。以前，我们表明，鲑鱼在第一次喂食时短暂暴露于含有非常低的海洋成分的饮食中，当3个月后用类似的低海洋成分饮食进行挑战时，可以改善鱼的生长。这种效果与饲料摄入量无关，但与改善的营养利用和保留有关，特别是EPA和DHA保留增加了许多倍。本研究的主要目的是确定营养规划的潜力，以提高可持续饲料的效率，（低欧米茄-3）成分在长期研究中，从第一次-喂养通过市场规模，重点不仅是定义参与营养规划的分子和遗传机制，而且还对鱼类健康的影响，量化应用的潜在商业利益，在英国鲑鱼养殖中的策略。该提案是及时的，高度相关和适当的，因为它通过尖端研究来满足当前的需求，以提高水产养殖中现代替代饲料的利用率，提高产量和饲料效率，同时保持养殖鱼类的健康和营养质量，实现更大的可持续性和粮食安全。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Endogenous production of n-3 long-chain PUFA from first feeding and the influence of dietary linoleic acid and the a-linolenic:linoleic ratio in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 首次饲喂时 n-3 长链 PUFA 的内源产生以及日粮亚油酸和 a-亚麻酸：亚油酸比例的影响。

DOI：
10.1017/s0007114519001946
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The British journal of nutrition
影响因子：
0
作者：
Sprague M
通讯作者：
Sprague M

Gill Transcriptomic Responses to Toxin-producing Alga Prymnesium parvum in Rainbow Trout.

DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.794593
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in immunology
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Clinton M;Król E;Sepúlveda D;Andersen NR;Brierley AS;Ferrier DEK;Hansen PJ;Lorenzen N;Martin SAM
通讯作者：
Martin SAM

Fur removal promotes an earlier expression of involution-related genes in mammary gland of lactating mice.