The Supergen Biological Fuel Cells Consortium 2010-2014 (CORE)

Supergen 生物燃料电池联盟 2010-2014 (CORE)

• 批准号: EP/H019480/1
• 负责人: Fraser Armstrong
• 金额: $ 429.92万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH019480%2F1
• 关键词: Supergen; Biological; Fuel; Cells; Consortium

The Supergen Biological Fuel Cells Consortium is developing advanced technologies that exploit the special properties of biological systems for energy production. A fuel cell produces electricity by reacting a fuel (such as hydrogen or methanol) with oxygen (from air) at a pair of electrodes instead of by combustion,which produces only heat. Normally, fuel cells require expensive components such as special catalysts (platinum) and membranes. In contrast, biological fuel cells use whole organisms or isolated enzymes as catalysts, and a membrane may not be necessary. Two kinds of fuel cell are under development - microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and enzyme-based fuel cells. MFCs have an important role to play in improving our environment and conserving energy whereas enzyme-based fuel cells (EFCs) provide unique opportunities for new kinds of fuel cells, including ones that can be made very small for niche applications such as implantable power sources. MFCs use bacteria, held in contact with an electrode, to convert organic matter (the fuel) into electrical power. They can also be used to remove (oxidising) contaminants from water supplies with the advantage that the electrical power that is simultaneously produced offsets the energy costs for remediation. EFCs exploit the high activities, efficiencies and selectivities of enzymes, recognising that in most cases, and particularly when attached to an electrode, their performance is far superior to man-made catalysts. The Consortium combines expertise in several areas and plans to advance the field on several fronts. These include the following: developing a clear understanding of how microbes colonise electrodes, how useful bacteria can be sustained and undesirable microbes deterred from colonising; understanding and improving the way that electrical charge is transferred between bacteria and electrodes; optimising the design of electrodes from cheap and abundant materials, focusing on such factors as surface chemistry porosity and conductivity; designing novel fuel cells for small-scale special applications; last but not least, finding new ways to replace platinum as the electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction.

Supergen生物燃料电池联合会正在开发利用生物系统的特殊性能生产能源的先进技术。燃料电池通过燃料（如氢气或甲醇）与氧气（来自空气）在一对电极上反应而不是通过燃烧产生电力，燃烧只产生热量。通常，燃料电池需要昂贵的组件，如特殊的催化剂（铂）和膜。相比之下，生物燃料电池使用整个生物体或分离的酶作为催化剂，并且膜可能不是必需的。两种类型的燃料电池正在开发中-微生物燃料电池（MFC）和酶基燃料电池。MFC在改善我们的环境和节约能源方面发挥着重要作用，而酶基燃料电池（EFC）为新型燃料电池提供了独特的机会，包括那些可以非常小的利基应用，如植入式电源。MFC使用与电极接触的细菌将有机物质（燃料）转化为电能。它们还可以用于去除供水中的（氧化）污染物，其优点是同时产生的电力抵消了修复的能源成本。EFC利用酶的高活性、效率和选择性，认识到在大多数情况下，特别是当连接到电极上时，它们的性能远远上级人造催化剂。该联盟结合了几个领域的专业知识，并计划在几个方面推进该领域。其中包括：对微生物如何在电极上定植、如何维持有用的细菌以及如何阻止不需要的微生物定植有一个清晰的认识;了解并改进电荷在细菌和电极之间转移的方式;用廉价和丰富的材料优化电极的设计，重点关注表面化学孔隙率和导电性等因素;为小规模的特殊应用设计新型燃料电池;最后但并非最不重要的是，寻找新的方法来取代铂作为氧还原的电催化剂。

项目成果

Power for Robotic Artificial Muscles

• DOI: 10.1109/tmech.2010.2090894
• 发表时间: 2011-02-01
• 期刊: IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Anderson, Iain A.;Ieropoulos, Ioannis A.;Melhuish, Chris
• 通讯作者: Melhuish, Chris

Processing of strong and highly conductive carbon foams as electrode

• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.05.022
• 发表时间: 2011-10-01
• 期刊: CARBON
• 影响因子: 10.9
• 作者: Amini, Negar;Aguey-Zinsou, Kondo-Francois;Guo, Zheng-Xiao
• 通讯作者: Guo, Zheng-Xiao

How light-harvesting semiconductors can alter the bias of reversible electrocatalysts in favor of H2 production and CO2 reduction.

• DOI: 10.1021/ja4042675
• 发表时间: 2013-10-09
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 15
• 作者: Bachmeier, Andreas;Wang, Vincent C. C.;Woolerton, Thomas W.;Bell, Sophie;Fontecilla-Camps, Juan C.;Can, Mehmet;Ragsdale, Stephen W.;Chaudhary, Yatendra S.;Armstrong, Fraser A.
• 通讯作者: Armstrong, Fraser A.

Fuel Cell Science - Theory, Fundamentals, and Biocatalysis

燃料电池科学 - 理论、基础知识和生物催化

• DOI: 10.1002/9780470630693.ch7
• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: Armstrong F