ELECTROVENTILATION

该提案寻求支持创造一种新型呼吸机，该呼吸机 通过电刺激运动神经和肌肉来操作 呼吸，使用放置在胸部的皮肤表面电极。一列列 使用非常短的持续时间的电刺激，以便不需要的心脏 不会产生刺激。我们将这种技术命名为 电通风(EV)。选择性刺激的秘诀 呼吸，而不是心脏肌肉和自主神经，在于使用 持续时间非常短的脉冲，它利用了膜时间的差异 心肌和呼吸神经之间的恒定。初步 研究表明，电通风会产生大量潮气量 被麻醉的狗，超过正常静息潮气量的几倍。 这项研究涉及到对狗、猪和狒狒的研究，以确定细节 最佳刺激模式和电极位置。 我们还建议创建和评估一个试验性需求 电通风机，通过阻抗法监测吸气情况 如果不存在，则自动开始电通风。一个 特殊的电子设计将保留监控 电换气时的心电图。电通风器将 还包括电极断开报警器。在…的最后阶段 研究(将在未来的提案中提出)，该设备将进行测试 在麻醉下的病人身上。

This proposal seeks support to create a new type of ventilator which operates by electrical stimulation of the motor nerves and muscles of respiration, using skin-surface electrodes placed on the chest. Trains of very short-duration electrical stimuli are used so that unwanted cardiac stimulation will not occur. We have termed this technique electroventilation (EV). The secret of selective stimulation of respiratory, but not heart muscle and autonomic nerves, lies in the use of very short-duration pulses, which exploit differences in membrane time constants between cardiac muscle and respiratory nerves. Preliminary studies show that electroventilation produces substantial tidal volumes in the anesthetized dog, exceeding normal resting tidal volume several fold. The research involves studies on dog, pigs, and baboons to work out details of the optimum stimulus patterns and electrode locations. We also propose to create and evaluate an experimental demand electroventilator, which will monitor inspiration by the impedance method and, if it is not present, begin electroventilation automatically. A special electronic design will preserve the ability to monitor the electrocardiogram during electroventilation. The electroventilator will also include alarms for electrode disconnection. In the final stage of research (to be addressed in a future proposal), the device will be tested in patients under anesthesia.