NEURAL CONTROL RESPIRATORY MUSCLES DURING EXPIRATION

呼气期间神经控制呼吸肌

• 批准号: 3355043
• 负责人: ERIK VAN LUNTEREN
• 金额: $ 11.71万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3355043
• 关键词: anesthesia; bronchospasm; cats; chemoreceptors; diaphragm; dogs; electromyography; electrophysiology; mechanoreceptors; motor neurons; muscle contraction; neural information processing; neurophysiology; posture; pulmonary respiration; respiration regulatory center; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory gas transport; respiratory hypoxia; respiratory muscles; respiratory pharmacology; respiratory reflex; single cell analysis

Active control of expiratory airflow by the respiratory muscles influences gas exchange, the degree of emptying of the lungs, and the work of breathing; may help optimize inspiratory muscle function; and is important during coughing and speech. Alterations in expiratory timing and velocity of flow occur in response to hypoxia, hypercapnia and exercise, and in diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea. Recent studies of medullary and pontine respiratory centers suggest that neurophysiologically expiration may consist of tow distinct phases. In the proposed studies we will focus on the peripheral mechanisms by which abdominal, thoracic and upper airway muscles actively modulate expiration during these two phases. Specifically, in anesthetized dogs and cats we will 1) examine the manner in which multiple abdominal and thoracic expiratory muscles act in a coordinated fashion during resting and stimulated breathing; 2) study the relationship between the late expiratory activity of the above muscles and the early expiratory activity of the thoracic inspiratory muscles; 3) assess the extent to which upper airway dilators and constrictors are reciprocally active during the two phases of expiration, and how this os modified by respiratory stimuli; 4) record activity from single motor units of selected respiratory muscles, and examine how different motor unit subpopulations fire during expiration; and 5) assess the relationship between expiratory electrical activity of the above muscles and the mechanical consequences of muscle contraction, including respiratory changes in muscle length, expiratory flow rates and respiratory pressures. Studies will be performed during eupnea, when breathing is stimulated by hypercapnia and hypoxia, and following bronchoconstriction; in addition we will assess the roles that different chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors play in mediating the responses to these stimuli. Finally, in chronically instrumented awake cats we will analyze expiratory activity recorded from several abdominal, thoracic and upper airway muscles to 1) ensure that conclusions derived from studies in anesthetized animals are not unduly influenced by the effects of anesthesia, and 2) assess the effects of spontaneous changes in posture on respiratory muscle activity during expiration.

呼吸肌对呼气气流的主动控制

项目成果

Central and spinal effects of sodium cyanide on respiratory activity.

氰化钠对呼吸活动的中枢和脊髓影响。

• DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1993.74.2.574
• 发表时间: 1993
• 期刊: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
• 作者: Haxhiu,MA;Erokwu,B;vanLunteren,E;Cherniack,NS;Strohl,KP
• 通讯作者: Strohl,KP

Heterogeneity within geniohyoid motor unit subpopulations in firing patterns during breathing.

呼吸过程中颏舌骨运动单位亚群内放电模式的异质性。

• DOI: 10.1016/s0034-5687(00)00182-1
• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Respiration physiology
• 作者: vanLunteren,E;Dick,TE
• 通讯作者: Dick,TE

Nonvagal modulation of hypoglossal neural activity.

舌下神经活动的非迷走神经调节。

• DOI: 10.1159/000196029
• 发表时间: 1992
• 期刊: Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
• 作者: Haxhiu,MA;Cherniack,NS;Mitra,J;vanLunteren,E;Strohl,KP
• 通讯作者: Strohl,KP

Contractile and endurance properties of feline triangularis sterni muscle.

猫胸骨三角肌的收缩和耐力特性。

• DOI: 10.1016/0034-5687(91)90068-t
• 发表时间: 1991
• 期刊: Respiration physiology
• 作者: vanLunteren,E