A SINGLE PROCESS THEORY OF VISUAL SEARCH

绝大多数关于视觉搜索的研究都表明， 是两种类型之一 在某些情况下，能力似乎 无限的，刺激是并行处理的，注意力分散 覆盖整个视野 在其他情况下，能力似乎是 有限，刺激是连续处理的，注意力集中在狭窄的地方。 一个单一的刺激。 双重过程理论被用来解释为什么 刺激材料的类型、练习水平和一致性 刺激到反应的映射决定了两种类型中的哪一种 行为将被观察。 最近，有人认为，双重过程理论也是 极端。 拟议研究的总体目标是制定一项 替代单一过程理论，可以更好地解释变化， 视觉搜索任务中的行为随着刺激的变化而发生， 实践和映射。 首先，测试将由一个模型的中央 假设比较通道的数量随时间变化的处理 可预测的方式与任务的类型（费舍尔有限的扩展 信道模型）。 第二，将测试的大小的变化， 有效的视野，发生的变化，在类型的任务，使用 斯坦福大学研究所眼动仪。 这些结果将有助于确定 比较通道是否在视觉上空间排列 领域 最后，将测试对性能的影响 必须注意的关键特征数量的变化 支付 这些结果将表明， 比较渠道是随着刺激，实践和 映射. 当得到充分阐述时，单过程理论应该提供 一个完整的帐户如何渠道的数量，关注的焦点， 并且每个通道上的活动随着任务的性质而变化。 最后，上述研究具有一定的应用意义。 特别是 可以帮助确定观察到的信息处理的来源 精神分裂症患者的缺陷

The great majority of studies of visual search have suggested that behavior is either one of two types. In some cases, it appears that capacity is unlimited, stimuli are processed in parallel and attention is spread out over the entire visual field. In other cases, it appears that capacity is limited, stimuli are processed in series, and attention is narrowly focused on a single stimulus. Dual process theories have been used to explain why the type of stimulus materials, the level of practice and the consistency of the mapping of stimuli to responses determines which of the two types of behavior will be observed. Recently, it has been argued that the dual process theories are too extreme. The overall goal of the proposed research is to develop an alternative single process theory that can better explain the changes in behavior in visual search tasks that occur with changes in stimuli, practice and mapping. First, tests will be made of a model of central processing which assumes that the number of comparison channels varies in predictable ways with the type of task (an extension of Fisher's limited channel model). Second, tests will be made of changes in the size of the effective visual field which occur with changes in the type of task using a Stanford Research Institute Eye Tracker. These results will help determine whether the comparison channels are spatially arrayed over the visual field. Finally, tests will be made of the effect on performance of variations in the number of critical features to which attention must be paid. These results will suggest whether the actual function of the comparison channels is changing with changes in stimuli, practice and mapping. When fully articulated, the single process theory should provide a complete account of how the number of channels, the focus of attention, and the activity on each channel varies with the nature of the task. Finally, the above research has an applied significance. In particular, it may help determine the sources of the observed information processing deficits in schizophrenics.