HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION IN HUMANS

人类半球的特化和相互作用

• 批准号: 3400423
• 负责人: ERAN ZAIDEL
• 金额: $ 9.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1989-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3400423
• 关键词: adult human (21+); brain commissure; brain interhemispheric activity; brain metabolism; cerebral dominance; child psychology; chronic brain damage; cognition; hearing tests; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; language; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neurosurgery; sensory disorder diagnosis; tachistoscope; visual stimulus

A research program is outlined dealing with hemispheric specialization at the interface of language and cognition. A convergent approach is proposed combining three experimental populations and three broad types of experimental paradigms. The subjects include (i) commissurotomy (split-brain) patients, (ii) hemisphere-damaged patients and, (iii) normal children and adults. The techniques include (i) continuous viewing of complex lateralized visual stimuli, (ii) metabolic, blood flow and magnetic real time indices of cerebral activation, (iii) more traditional paradigms of hemifield tachistoscopy, dichotic listening and dual task interference. Complementary models of hemispheric specialization are developed, motivated by the clinical populations and applied to the normal brain. One set of hemifield decision and facilitation experiments illustrates the "direct access" model; a second set of dichotic listening experiments illustrates the "callosal relay" model; and a third set studies types, development and modulation of interhemispheric interaction. A fourth set of experiments continues the analysis of hemispheric differences in lexical representation and organization, and compares hemispheric specialization for early, preattentive stages of information processing with specialization for later, conscious processes. The fifth set completes the comparison between hemispheric specialization in the three experimental populations for more complex linguistic and nonlinguistic abilities whose model theoretical status remains to be determined.

一项研究计划概述处理半球专业化在 语言和认知的界面。 提出了一种收敛方法 结合三个实验群体和三种广泛类型的 实验范例 这些科目包括（i）连合切开术 （裂脑）患者，（ii）半球损伤患者和（iii）正常 儿童和成人。 这些技术包括（i）连续观察 复杂的偏侧视觉刺激，（ii）代谢，血流和磁 大脑激活的真实的时间指数，（iii）更传统的范例 半场速示、两耳分听和双任务干扰。 半球专业化的互补模式得到发展， 并应用于正常大脑。 一组 半场决策和促进实验说明了“直接 访问”模型;第二组双耳分听实验说明 “胼胝体中继”模型;第三组研究类型，发展和 调节大脑半球间的相互作用。 第四组实验 继续分析词汇表征的半球差异 和组织，并比较早期、 信息处理的前注意阶段， 后来，意识的过程。 第五集完成了 在三个实验种群中， 复杂的语言和非语言能力， 地位仍有待确定。