HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION IN HUMANS

人类半球的特化和相互作用

• 批准号: 3400421
• 负责人: ERAN ZAIDEL
• 金额: $ 7.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1986-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3400421
• 关键词: adult human (21+); brain commissure; brain interhemispheric activity; brain metabolism; cerebral dominance; child psychology; chronic brain damage; cognition; hearing tests; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; language; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neurosurgery; sensory disorder diagnosis; tachistoscope; visual stimulus

A research program is outlined dealing with hemispheric specialization at the interface of language and cognition. A convergent approach is proposed combining three experimental populations and three broad types of experimental paradigms. The subjects include (i) commissurotomy (split-brain) patients, (ii) hemisphere-damaged patients and, (iii) normal children and adults. The techniques include (i) continuous viewing of complex lateralized visual stimuli, (ii) metabolic, blood flow and magnetic real time indices of cerebral activation, (iii) more traditional paradigms of hemifield tachistoscopy, dichotic listening and dual task interference. Complementary models of hemispheric specialization are developed, motivated by the clinical populations and applied to the normal brain. One set of hemifield decision and facilitation experiments illustrates the "direct access" model; a second set of dichotic listening experiments illustrates the "callosal relay" model; and a third set studies types, development and modulation of interhemispheric interaction. A fourth set of experiments continues the analysis of hemispheric differences in lexical representation and organization, and compares hemispheric specialization for early, preattentive stages of information processing with specialization for later, conscious processes. The fifth set completes the comparison between hemispheric specialization in the three experimental populations for more complex linguistic and nonlinguistic abilities whose model theoretical status remains to be determined.

有关半球专业化的研究计划概述如下： 语言与认知的接口。提出了一种收敛的方法。 将三个实验种群和三种广泛类型的 实验范式。研究对象包括(I)联合切开术 (分裂脑)患者，(Ii)大脑半球受损患者，(Iii)正常 无论是孩子还是成年人。这些技术包括：(I)连续观看 复杂的偏侧视觉刺激，(Ii)代谢、血流和磁性 大脑活动的实时指数，(Iii)更传统的范式 半视野测速、二分听和双重任务干扰。 开发了半球专业化的补充模型，激励了 由临床人群应用于正常大脑。一套 半场决策和促进实验说明了“直接” 模型；第二组二分听力实验说明 第三套模型研究的是类型、发育和 半球间相互作用的调制。第四组实验 继续分析词汇表征中的半球差异 和组织，并比较了早期的半球专业化， 具有专业化的信息处理的前置阶段 后来，有意识的过程。第五组完成了以下内容的比较 三个实验群体的大脑半球特化程度更高 复杂的语言和非语言能力，其模型理论 状态仍有待确定。