HEMISPERIC: SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。该提案是一个研究计划的一部分，旨在澄清(1)半球专业化和独立性，(2)半球间互动，(3)半球间控制。这些半球间关系的机制涉及认知神经科学中的三个核心理论概念：处理的模块化、模块间的通信和并行模块过程的控制。我们的实验室开发了一套核心的逐渐复杂的侧化行为范式，旨在(1)探索注意力、感知和语言半球专业化的个体差异；(2)对比不同程度的半球独立，包括独立策略、资源和启动；(3)分析两个半球对并行加工的控制。这些实验的范围从简单反应时间的感觉运动整合，通过语音感知和字母识别到复杂的单词识别。每个实验范式包括一个用于研究半球独立性的半球内组件和一个用于研究半球间相互作用和控制的半球间组件。这些实验被用于正常受试者、完全脑合骨切开术患者、胼胝体发育不全患者、部分胼胝体切开术患者，以及手术前后选择的侧化病变患者，以检查右半球在自然语言处理中的作用。这一建议的重点是研究解剖相关性与一些相同的上述行为措施的半球间关系。通过这种方法，我们一方面结合了复杂的认知理论和方法论，另一方面结合了深入的神经科学分析，包括解剖学，生理学和临床行为技术，数据和理论。因此，我们使用正常受试者的趋同研究和脑结构（MRI）、脑功能和行为的平行测量。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This proposal is part of a research program that aims to clarify (1) hemispheric specialization and independence, (2) interhemispheric interaction, and (3) interhemispheric control. These mechanisms of interhemispheric relations address three central theoretical concepts in cognitive neuroscience: modularity of processing, intermodular communication, and control of parallel modular processes. A core set of progressively complex lateralized behavioral paradigms developed in our laboratory have been designed to (1) explore individual differences in hemispheric specialization in attention, perception and language; (2) contrast different degrees of hemispheric independence, including independence strategies, resources and priming, and (3) analyze the control of parallel processing in the two hemispheres. These experiments range from sensorimotor integration in simple reaction time through phonetic perception and letter identification to complex word recognition. Each experimental paradi gm includes an intrahemispheric component for studying hemispheric independence, and an interhemispheric component for studying interhemispheric interaction and control. These experiments have been administered to normal subjects and to patients with complete cerebral commissurotomy, agenesis of the corpus callosum and patients with partial callosotomy both pre- and post surgically as well as with patients with selected lateralized lesions to examine the role of the right hemisphere in natural language processing. This proposal focuses on the study of the anatomical correlates with some of the same above mentioned behavioral measures of interhemispheric relations. With this approach we combine sophisticated cognitive theory and methodology on the one hand, with in-depth neuroscientific analysis that incorporates anatomical, physiological and clinical behavioral techniques, data and theory on the other. Thus, we use converging studies of normal subjects and parallel measures of brain structure (MRI), brain function, and behavior.