HEMISPERIC: SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。这项建议是旨在阐明(1)大脑半球的特化和独立性，(2)大脑半球间的相互作用，以及(3)大脑半球间控制的研究计划的一部分。这些大脑半球间关系的机制解决了认知神经科学中的三个核心理论概念：处理的模块化、模块间通信和并行模块过程的控制。本实验室设计了一套渐趋复杂的偏侧化行为范式，旨在(1)探索注意、知觉和语言在大脑半球专门化上的个体差异；(2)比较大脑半球不同程度的独立性，包括独立策略、资源和启动；(3)分析两个大脑半球对平行加工的控制。这些实验的范围从简单反应时的感觉运动整合，到语音感知和字母识别，再到复杂的单词识别。每个实验Paradi GM包括一个用于研究半球独立性的半球内组件，以及一个用于研究半球间相互作用和控制的半球间组件。这些实验被应用于正常受试者、大脑完全分离的患者、胼胝体发育不全的患者、手术前和手术后的部分穹隆切除患者以及具有选定的偏侧病变的患者，以检验右脑在自然语言处理中的作用。这一建议侧重于研究与上述一些相同的行为测量的大脑半球间关系的解剖学相关性。通过这种方法，我们一方面结合了复杂的认知理论和方法，另一方面结合了解剖学、生理学和临床行为技术、数据和理论的深入神经科学分析。因此，我们使用了对正常受试者的聚合研究和对大脑结构(MRI)、大脑功能和行为的平行测量。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This proposal is part of a research program that aims to clarify (1) hemispheric specialization and independence, (2) interhemispheric interaction, and (3) interhemispheric control. These mechanisms of interhemispheric relations address three central theoretical concepts in cognitive neuroscience: modularity of processing, intermodular communication, and control of parallel modular processes. A core set of progressively complex lateralized behavioral paradigms developed in our laboratory have been designed to (1) explore individual differences in hemispheric specialization in attention, perception and language; (2) contrast different degrees of hemispheric independence, including independence strategies, resources and priming, and (3) analyze the control of parallel processing in the two hemispheres. These experiments range from sensorimotor integration in simple reaction time through phonetic perception and letter identification to complex word recognition. Each experimental paradi gm includes an intrahemispheric component for studying hemispheric independence, and an interhemispheric component for studying interhemispheric interaction and control. These experiments have been administered to normal subjects and to patients with complete cerebral commissurotomy, agenesis of the corpus callosum and patients with partial callosotomy both pre- and post surgically as well as with patients with selected lateralized lesions to examine the role of the right hemisphere in natural language processing. This proposal focuses on the study of the anatomical correlates with some of the same above mentioned behavioral measures of interhemispheric relations. With this approach we combine sophisticated cognitive theory and methodology on the one hand, with in-depth neuroscientific analysis that incorporates anatomical, physiological and clinical behavioral techniques, data and theory on the other. Thus, we use converging studies of normal subjects and parallel measures of brain structure (MRI), brain function, and behavior.