HEMISPHERIC DISTRIBUTION OF VISUAL MEMORY

视觉记忆的半球分布

• 批准号: 3400245
• 负责人: ROBERT W DOTY
• 金额: $ 12.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1986-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3400245
• 关键词: interhemispheric transfer; interocular transfer; memory; neuropsychology; psychomotor reaction time; split brain

The proposed experiments incorporte two heretofore separate but highly productive lines of attack on defining and elucidating the neural substrate of memory, a problem of vast import to fields as diverse as education, psychiatry, neurology and gerontology. The experiments utilize, on the one hand, the sophisticated techniques recently developed for testing memory in nonhuman primates. These have demonstrated a striking similarity between macque and man in the processes of visual memory, both in its normal operation and in the nature of the impairment consequent to homologous cerebral loss. On the other hand, these experiments exploit the extraordinary possibilities afforded by the "split-brain" approach, whereby information can be supplied to or demanded from each cerebral hemisphere individually, thus allowing comparison of performance by "intact" versus damaged hemispheres in the same animal, the tracing and comparison of different pathways for interhemispheric communication, etc. Macaques with surgically transected optic chiasm view with one or the other eye, or each seriatim, a number of pictures which they are subsequently called upon to identify when viewed by the same or other eye and hemisphere. Interhemispheric communication is limited by cutting one of the forebrain commissures. Lesions are to be created reversibly by cooling, local anesthetization, or electrical tetanization; and irreversibly by subpial suction or transection. The primary goals are to study 1) how initial distribution of visual mnemonic input to one or the other hemisphere affects the retrieval of these memories when achieved ipsilaterally, contralaterally or bilaterally, comparing interhemishpheric communication via anterior commissure versus splenium of the corpus callosum in this regard; and 2) to define how unilateral, reversible or irreversible, elimination of various cerebral structures having a suspected role in visual memory will alter the mnemonic capability of that hemisphere, particulary as to whether "recording" versus "retrieval" is differentially affected. By such means, it should be possible to define the structures essential to visual mnemonic processing, and to some degree the nature of their role therein.

拟议中的实验将两个迄今为止分开但高度独立的实验合并在一起。 定义和阐明神经基质的生产线 记忆是一个对教育等各个领域都具有巨大重要性的问题， 精神病学、神经病学和老年学。 这些实验利用了 另一方面，最近开发的用于测试记忆的复杂技术， 非人类灵长类动物 这些证据表明， 马凯和人在视觉记忆的过程中，无论是在其正常的 操作和相应的损害的性质 大脑丧失 另一方面，这些实验利用了 “裂脑”方法提供了非凡的可能性， 信息可以提供给每个大脑半球或从每个大脑半球要求信息 因此，可以比较“完整”与 在同一动物的受损半球，跟踪和比较 大脑半球间的不同交流途径等等。 猕猴与手术横切视交叉视图与一个或其他 眼睛，或每个seriatim，一些图片，他们随后 当被同一只眼睛或另一只眼睛观察时， 半球 大脑两半球间的交流会受到限制， 前脑连合。 病变将通过以下方式可逆地形成： 冷却、局部麻醉或电强直;以及 不可逆地通过软膜下抽吸或横切。 主要目的是研究1）视觉的初始分布 记忆输入到一个或另一个半球影响检索 这些记忆在同侧、对侧或双侧获得时， 比较通过前连合与 胼胝体压部在这方面;和2）定义如何 单侧、可逆或不可逆消除各种脑 在视觉记忆中具有可疑作用的结构将改变记忆 该半球的能力，特别是关于“记录”与 “检索”受到不同的影响。 通过这种方式，它应该 可以定义视觉记忆处理所必需的结构， 以及在某种程度上它们在其中的作用的性质。