HEMISPHERIC DISTRIBUTION OF VISUAL MEMORY

这些实验解决了两个深层次的基本问题： 助记操作的性质；以及 前脑连结，集体或单独地，能够 统一助记商店的可访问性。猕猴，除了 MAN，可以执行Sternberg的序列探针识别任务， 要求受试者尽可能快地辨认 可视图像是或不是先前 指定的一组目标项目。这项任务的耐人寻味的特点 作出决定所需的时间与 目标集合中的项目数，因此一直是 提出大脑以一种连续的方式处理任务， 每次在完整的内存存储中搜索每个 目标物品的数量。也有人提出，伟大的 儿童大脑左右半球功能差异的研究 人是并行和串联的差异的反映 正在处理。虽然这种猜测的好处还有待于 定义，序列探头识别任务是一个理想的工具 评估这一可能的基本差异 猕猴在手术中可分离的半球；其他指征 猕猴大脑的左右功能不对称 预示着人类身上的那些仍然有些问题。的 然而，更令人感兴趣的是这项任务的机会 提供了一种分析如何在结缔组织 海马区连合和前连合运作 视交叉横断术后，当靶点 可以分布在两个半球之间。有制服吗？ 访问、半球专业化或简单地加倍 访问时间呢？换句话说，这些委员会中的每一个如何 有助于助记商店的无障碍访问 半球最初提供给对方的信息|？最后， 这些实验提供了一些可能性来测试 从记忆中检索可能与 记忆的形成。

These experiments address two deeply fundamental questions: the nature of mnemonic operations; and the degree to which the forebrain commissures, collectively or separately, are able to unify accessibility of a mnemonic store. Macaques, in addition to man, can perform the serial probe recognition task of Sternberg, in which a subject is required to identify as rapidly as possible whether a visual image is or is not a member of a previously specified set of target items. The intriguing feature of this task is that the time required for the decision is linearly related to the number of items in the target set, and it has therefore been proposed that the brain processes the task in a serial fashion, searching through the complete memory store each time for each of the target items. It has also been proposed that the great functional difference between the right and left hemispheres in man is a reflection of a difference in parallel versus serial processing. While the merit of this speculation is yet to be defined, the serial probe recognition task is an ideal tool for assessing this possibly elementary difference between the surgically separable hemispheres in macaques; other indications of right-left functional asymmetries in the macaque brain adumbrating those in man still being somewhat problematical. Of even greater interest, however, is the opportunity this task affords to assay how the corpus callosum, the anterior hippocampal commissure, and the anterior commissure operate following transection of the optic chiasm, when the target items can be parcellated between the hemispheres. Is there uniform access, hemispheric specialization, or simple doubling of the access time? In other words, how does each of these commissures contribute to the accessibility of a mnemonic store to either hemisphere for information initially given to the other|? Finally, the experiments offer some possibility of testing whether retrieval from memory might be separable from mechanisms of memory formation.