HEMISPHERIC DISTRIBUTION OF VISUAL MEMORY

拟议的实验包括两个迄今为止分离的但高度独立的实验 定义和阐明神经底物的有效攻击线 记忆，这是一个从教育到教育的各个领域都非常重要的问题， 精神病学、神经学和老年学。这些实验一方面利用了 另一方面，最近开发的用于测试内存的复杂技术 非人灵长类动物。它们显示出惊人的相似之处 猕猴和人类在视觉记忆过程中，都处于正常状态 以及在性质上因同源而导致的损害 脑损伤。另一方面，这些实验利用了 “分裂大脑”方法提供了非凡的可能性， 可以向每个大脑半球提供信息或从每个大脑半球请求信息 单独使用，因此可以通过“完整”与“完整”进行性能比较 同一动物受损大脑半球的示踪与比较 不同的半球间交流的途径等。 手术横断性视交叉的猕猴 眼睛，或每一系列，它们随后是一些图片 当被同一或另一只眼睛观看时，被调用以识别 半球。大脑半球间的通信受到以下因素的限制 前脑连结。损害将通过以下方式可逆地产生 降温、局部麻醉或电破伤风；以及 通过软膜下抽吸或横切不可逆转的。 主要目标是研究1)视觉的初始分布 对一个或另一个半球的助记输入会影响提取 当同侧、对侧或双侧获得这些记忆时， 经前连合的大脑半球间交通与经前连合的比较 关于这一点，如何定义： 单侧，可逆或不可逆，消除各种脑部 在视觉记忆中有可疑作用的结构会改变助记符 该半球的能力，特别是关于“记录”与 “检索”受到不同程度的影响。通过这样的方式，它应该是 可以定义视觉助记处理所必需的结构， 在某种程度上，他们在其中扮演的角色的性质也是如此。

The proposed experiments incorporte two heretofore separate but highly productive lines of attack on defining and elucidating the neural substrate of memory, a problem of vast import to fields as diverse as education, psychiatry, neurology and gerontology. The experiments utilize, on the one hand, the sophisticated techniques recently developed for testing memory in nonhuman primates. These have demonstrated a striking similarity between macque and man in the processes of visual memory, both in its normal operation and in the nature of the impairment consequent to homologous cerebral loss. On the other hand, these experiments exploit the extraordinary possibilities afforded by the "split-brain" approach, whereby information can be supplied to or demanded from each cerebral hemisphere individually, thus allowing comparison of performance by "intact" versus damaged hemispheres in the same animal, the tracing and comparison of different pathways for interhemispheric communication, etc. Macaques with surgically transected optic chiasm view with one or the other eye, or each seriatim, a number of pictures which they are subsequently called upon to identify when viewed by the same or other eye and hemisphere. Interhemispheric communication is limited by cutting one of the forebrain commissures. Lesions are to be created reversibly by cooling, local anesthetization, or electrical tetanization; and irreversibly by subpial suction or transection. The primary goals are to study 1) how initial distribution of visual mnemonic input to one or the other hemisphere affects the retrieval of these memories when achieved ipsilaterally, contralaterally or bilaterally, comparing interhemishpheric communication via anterior commissure versus splenium of the corpus callosum in this regard; and 2) to define how unilateral, reversible or irreversible, elimination of various cerebral structures having a suspected role in visual memory will alter the mnemonic capability of that hemisphere, particulary as to whether "recording" versus "retrieval" is differentially affected. By such means, it should be possible to define the structures essential to visual mnemonic processing, and to some degree the nature of their role therein.