HEMISPHERIC DISTRIBUTION OF VISUAL MEMORY

视觉记忆的半球分布

• 批准号: 2263765
• 负责人: ROBERT W DOTY
• 金额: $ 23.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1997-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2263765
• 关键词: Macaca; amygdala; attention; brain mapping; cerebral dominance; eye movements; interhemispheric transfer; memory; neuropsychology; split brain; visual perception; visual stimulus

Understanding why and how each of the two human cerebral hemispheres come to possess demonstrably different degrees of intellectual capability, i.e., "hemispheric specialization",' is a challenging problem, of wide import in neurology and psychiatry. A particularly striking example of such specialization is that of the right hemisphere in recognizing faces, a facility, according to the work of Hamilton and Vermeire, that is shared by macaques as well as man. Using "split-brain"macaques, in which each hemisphere can be tested individually, the proposed experiments will use sophisticated imaging and behavioral techniques in an effort to confirm and extend this prior work, and to achieve a more robust expression of this seemingly inherent difference between the hemispheres. In addition, eye movements will be recorded and analyzed to determine whether such hemispheric specialization is reflected in the patterns of image acquisition. It is known that removal of the temporal lobe, prominently including the amygdala, in macaques yields perturbation of scanning eye movements and a pronounced inability visually to recognize stimuli that normally produce a strong emotional response, such as the human presence. This, and much anatomical and physiological data suggest that the amygdala might play a role in facial recognition within the amygdala of one hemisphere to determine whether a selective effect can be demonstrated on recognition of various types of images. Experiments will also be undertaken to learn whether an intact amygdala in one hemisphere can, via interhemispheric pathways, alleviate the deficiency caused by damage to the amygdala in the other hemisphere. Finally, electrophysiological, experiments will seek to define presumed differences in activation of a hemisphere that is "working" on visual mnemonic problems versus a hemisphere that is merely "idle".

了解人类两个大脑半球为什么以及如何 拥有明显不同程度的智力能力， 也就是说，“半球特化”是一个具有挑战性的问题， 在神经病学和精神病学中的重要性。一个特别突出的例子， 这种专门化是右半球在识别面孔方面的专门化， 根据汉密尔顿和弗米尔的研究， 使用“裂脑“猕猴，其中每只 半球可以单独测试，拟议的实验将使用 先进的成像和行为技术来确认 并扩展这一先前的工作，并实现更强大的表达， 这两个半球之间看似固有的差异。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 将记录和分析眼球运动，以确定是否 大脑半球的专门化反映在图像的模式中 采集 众所周知，切除颞叶， 包括杏仁核，在猕猴中产生扫描眼的扰动 运动和明显的视觉上无法识别刺激， 通常会产生强烈的情绪反应，例如人类的存在。 这一点，以及许多解剖学和生理学数据表明，杏仁核 可能在杏仁核的面部识别中发挥作用 大脑半球，以确定是否可以证明选择性影响 识别各种类型的图像。 实验也将 为了了解一侧半球完整的杏仁核是否可以通过 大脑半球间的通路，减轻损害造成的不足， 另一个半球的杏仁核最后，电生理学， 实验将试图确定在激活一个 一个大脑半球在处理视觉记忆问题， 仅仅是“空闲”的半球。