CONFERENCE ON SELF REACTIVITY AND ITS REGULATION

近世纪来，免疫学家一直在面对令人困惑的 免疫系统如何与自我和谐共存的问题， 在这一时期的大部分时间里，结论是它避免了 所有与自身分子的反应性。 最近，结构分析 T细胞受体，由主要的 组织相容性复合体，以及基因的详细信息 重排，再加上细胞/遗传分析，使用流动 细胞计数和转基因动物，提供了工具， 对这一核心问题的革命性反思。 出现了 在过去的2到3年里，关于这个主题的信息爆炸， 以下问题（和发现）已经得到了激烈的实验 详细审查：a）个体发育过程中的自我学习（积极选择 由自身MHC分子和自身免疫球蛋白和T细胞的识别控制 受体）; B）自身耐受性机制（克隆负选择 胸腺中的缺失; 外周T和B细胞; c）调节危险的自身反应性 （TcR或MHC决定簇的单克隆抗体; 自身分子与MHC的结合; TcR-肽诱导调节性T细胞 细胞）; d）特异性自身反应性（多特异性抗体， 独特型连接，热休克蛋白与自身免疫相关， 等）。 召开这次会议的目的是帮助 促进了自我和非自我的分子基础的出现 歧视 这可能会直接影响到如此重要的 自身免疫性疾病，传染病（模仿自我， 寄生虫）和免疫反应性的调节。

For nearly a century, immunologists have confronted the perplexing problem of how the immune system coexists harmoniously with the self, and for the great majority of this period, the conclusion was that it avoided all reactivity with self-molecules. Most recently, structural analysis of the T cell receptor, molecules produced by the major histocompatibility complex, and detailed information on gene rearrangement, coupled with cellular/genetic analysis using flow cytometry and transgenic animals, have provided the tools for a revolutionary reexamination of this central issue. There has been an explosion of information within the last 2 to 3 years on this topic, and the following issues (and findings) have received intense experimental scrutiny: a) The learning of self during ontogeny (positive selection governed by self-MHC molecules and the recognition of self-Ig and T-cell receptors); b) Mechanisms of self tolerance (negative selection by clonal deletion in the thymus; induction and propagation of clonal anergy in peripheral T and B cells; c) Modulating dangerous autoreactivity (monoclonal antibodies to TcR or MHC determinants; peptide inhibition of binding of self-molecules to MHC; TcR-peptide induction of regulatory T cells); d) Paradoxical self-reactivity (multispecific antibodies, idiotypic connectivity, heat shock protein association with autoimmunity, etc.). This meeting will be convened with the goal of helping to facilitate the emergence of a molecular basis for self-non-self discrimination. This could have direct repercussions on such crucial problems as autoimmune disease, infectious disease (mimicry of self by parasites), and the regulation of immune reactivity.