Process Intensification for Post-combustion Carbon Capture using Rotating Packed Bed through Systems Engineering Techniques

通过系统工程技术使用旋转填充床强化燃烧后碳捕获

• 批准号: EP/M001458/1
• 负责人: Meihong Wang
• 金额: $ 162.39万
• 依托单位: University of Hull
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM001458%2F1
• 关键词: Process; Intensification; Post; combustion; Carbon

The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has caused huge concerns around the world, in particular because it is widely believed that the increase in its concentration in the atmosphere is a key driver of climate change. If the current trend in the release of carbon dioxide continues, global temperatures are predicted to increase by more than 4 degrees centigrade, which would be disastrous for the world.With the increase in world population, the energy demand is also increasing. Coal-fired and gas-fired power plants still play a central role in meeting this energy demand for the foreseeable future, even though the share of renewable energy is increasing. These power plants are the largest stationary sources of carbon dioxide. Carbon capture is a technique to capture the carbon dioxide that is emitted in the flue gas from these power plants. This proposal seeks to make a significant improvement in the methods used for carbon capture in order to reduce the total costs. Post-combustion CO2 capture by chemical absorption using solvents (for example, monoethanolamine - MEA) is one of the most mature technologies. The conventional technology uses large packed columns. The cost to build and run the capture plants for power plants is currently very high because: (1) the packed columns are very large in size; (2) the amount of steam consumed to regenerate solvents for recirculation is significant. If we can manage to reduce the size of packed columns and the steam consumption, then the cost of carbon capture will be reduced correspondingly.From our previous studies, we found that mass transfer in the conventional packed columns used for carbon capture is very poor. This proposed research is expected to make very significant improvements in mass transfer. The key idea is to rotate the packed column so that it spins at hundreds of times per minute - a so-called rotating packed bed (RPB). A better mass transfer will be generated inside the RPB due to higher contact area. With an intensified capture process, a higher concentration of solvent can be used (for example 70 wt% MEA) and the quantity of recirculating solvent between intensified absorber and stripper will be reduced to around 40%. Our initial analysis has been published in an international leading journal and it indicates that the packing volume in an RPB will be less than 10% of an equivalent conventional packed column.This proposal will investigate how to design and operate the RPB in order to separate carbon dioxide most efficiently from flue gas. The work will include design of new experimental rigs, experimental study, process modelling and simulation, system integration, scale-up of intensified absorber and stripper, process optimisation, comparison between intensified capture process and conventional capture process from technical, economical and environmental points of view. The research will include an investigation into the optimum flow directions for the solvent and flue gas stream (parallel flow or counter-current) for intensified absorber and the optimum design of packing inside the RPB.The proposal will also compare the whole system performance using process intensification vs using conventional packed column for a CCGT power plant. Based on this, an economic analysis will be carried out to quantify the savings provided by this new process intensification technology.

二氧化碳向大气中的排放引起了全世界的巨大关注，特别是因为人们普遍认为，大气中二氧化碳浓度的增加是气候变化的一个关键驱动因素。如果目前二氧化碳排放的趋势继续下去，预计全球气温将上升4摄氏度以上，这对世界将是灾难性的。随着世界人口的增加，能源需求也在增加。在可预见的未来，燃煤和燃气发电厂仍然在满足这一能源需求方面发挥着核心作用，尽管可再生能源的份额正在增加。这些发电厂是最大的二氧化碳固定来源。碳捕获是一种捕获这些发电厂排放的烟道气中的二氧化碳的技术。该提案旨在对碳捕获方法进行重大改进，以降低总成本。通过使用溶剂（例如，单乙醇胺- MEA）的化学吸收的燃烧后CO2捕获是最成熟的技术之一。常规技术使用大型填充柱。建造和运行用于发电厂的捕集设备的成本目前非常高，因为：（1）填充柱的尺寸非常大;（2）再生用于再循环的溶剂所消耗的蒸汽量是显著的。如果我们能够设法减小填料塔的尺寸和蒸汽消耗，那么碳捕集的成本也会相应降低。从我们以往的研究中，我们发现传统的碳捕集填料塔的传质效果很差。预计这项研究将在传质方面取得非常重大的进展。关键的想法是旋转填充柱，使其以每分钟数百次的速度旋转-所谓的旋转填充床（RPB）。由于较大的接触面积，在旋转床内将产生更好的传质。对于强化捕获工艺，可以使用更高浓度的溶剂（例如70重量% MEA），并且强化吸收器和汽提器之间的再循环溶剂的量将减少到约40%。我们的初步分析已发表在一份国际领先的杂志上，它表明在RPB中的填料体积将小于10%的等效的传统填料塔。工作将包括新的实验装置的设计，实验研究，过程建模和模拟，系统集成，放大的强化吸收器和汽提器，工艺优化，强化捕集工艺和传统捕集工艺从技术，经济和环境的角度进行比较。研究内容包括强化吸收塔溶剂和烟气的最佳流向（平行流或逆流）以及旋转床内填料的最佳设计。该方案还将比较CCGT电厂采用过程强化与采用传统填料塔的整个系统性能。在此基础上，将进行经济分析，以量化这种新的过程强化技术所带来的节省。

项目成果

Modelling, simulation and analysis of intensified regenerator for solvent based carbon capture using rotating packed bed technology

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.157
• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 期刊: Applied Energy
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: A. Joel;Meihong Wang;C. Ramshaw;Eni Oko

Technical performance assessment of intensified post-combustion capture process based on RPB technology through modelling and simulation

通过建模仿真评估基于RPB技术的强化燃烧后捕集工艺技术性能

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Joel, A. S.

The Water-Food-Energy Nexus: Processes, Technologies and Challenges

水-食品-能源关系：流程、技术和挑战

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Joel, A.S.

Thermodynamic Comparison of alternative Biomass Gasification Techniques for producing Syngas for Gas Turbine Application

• DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.133
• 发表时间: 2017-12
• 期刊: Energy Procedia
• 作者: M. Aneke;Meihong Wang

Dynamic modelling based on surface renewal theory, model validation and process analysis of rotating packed bed absorber for carbon capture

基于表面更新理论的动态建模、旋转填充床碳捕集吸收器的模型验证和过程分析

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117462
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Applied Energy
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: Luo X