TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY-RAY DETECTOR

主要用户群体的研究计划是针对 大分子、大分子组装和细胞的结构研究 细胞器，如核糖体和质膜。实现以下目标的主要技术 主要用于单晶、溶液或 偏序系统。除了时间平均结构之外， 哪些是这类工作最直接的成果，这些方案将是 特别是针对研究各部位的相对运动 聚合物链和每个亚基的(结构域) 其他的在更大的聚集体中。运动可以从某种程度上推断出来 不同环境和条件下的静态结构差异 结扎术。特别令人感兴趣的是特定侧链在 聚合酶沿其核酸底物的催化循环， 蛋白质合成过程中核糖体在信息上的转位步骤 多肽链的分泌进入和通过膜双层。 拟议的衍射研究需要更快速的数据手段。 将由哈姆林-徐二次元提供的收藏 多线阵列探测器。该探测器和相关联的计算机 需要处理海量数据将以以下速度增加速度 其中准确的高分辨率蛋白质晶体衍射数据可以 至少以10到20倍的倍数衡量。最近在 克隆使人类获得了大量的蛋白质和核酸。 数量可观。适合的数量大幅增加 结晶学项目将很容易通过这一重大步骤来实现 在X射线衍射仪数据采集技术方面处于领先地位。此外， 2D阵列探测器将用于研究来自 偏序和无序系统，这是一个新的应用 这种探测器技术在X射线领域。

The research programs of the principal user group are directed at structural studies of macromolecules, macromolecular assemblies and cell organelles such as ribosomes and plasma membranes. The major techniques to be employed center on X-ray diffraction from single crystals, solutions or partially ordered systems. In addition to the time-average structures, which are the most immediate output of such work, the programs will be particularly aimed at studying the relative motion of various parts (domains) of the polymer chains and of the subunits with respect to each other in the larger aggregates. Motion can, in part, be inferred from static structural differences under varied conditions of environment and ligation. Of special interest is the motion of specific side chains during catalytic cycles, of polymerases along their nucleic acid substrates, the translocation step of ribosomes on the message during protein synthesis and of the secretion of polypeptide chain into and through the membrane bilayer. The proposed diffraction studies require the more rapid means of data collection that will be provided by the Hamlin-Xuong two-dimensional multiwire array detector. This detector and the associated computer that is required to process the vast amount of data will increase the rate at which accurate high resolution protein crystal diffraction data can be measured by at least a factor of 10 to 20. Spectacular recent advances in cloning have made available large numbers of proteins and nucleic acids in substantial quantities. The large increase in the number of suitable crystallographic projects will be easily accommodated by this major step forward in the technology of X-ray diffraction data collection. Further, the 2D array detector will be used to study X-ray diffraction from partially ordered and disordered systems, which is a new application of this detector technology in the X-ray field.