EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDIES OF NORMAL AND ABNORMAL COGNITIVE PROCESSING

正常和异常认知处理的事件相关潜力研究

• 批准号: 3846267
• 负责人: R JOHNSON
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3846267
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; HIV infections; Parkinson's disease; Turner's syndrome; attention; brain electrical activity; chronic fatigue syndrome; cognition; cognition disorders; dissociative hysteria; evoked potentials; human subject; language; mathematical ability; memory disorders; multiple sclerosis; neural information processing; progressive supranuclear palsy; short term memory; temporal lobe /cortex disorder; visual feedback

Event-related brain potentials (ERP) were used to study cognitive processes such as short- and long-term memory, spatial attention and visual search, mental rotation, mental arithmetic, and language comprehension. ERP studies of normal subjects were intended to reveal the brain mechanisms underlying cognition. Studies of patients with neurologic disorders were intended to allow us to characterize better patients' information processing deficits while providing information on the physiologic mechanisms underlying these cognitive processes. Data collection was completed in ERP studies of dementia (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, HIV disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The results from the HIV and PSP studies indicate that, in the earliest stages of subcortical disease, processing at the cortical level, (i.e., resembling a cortical dementia). This pattern reverses as the subcortical disease progresses. A follow-up study on the modality specificity of deficits in PSP patients has been completed. Studies of the mechanisms underlying and affecting attentional processes continue and data analysis is complete in two studies, one on how normal controls visually search a spatial array for items previously stored in short-term memory, and one on the effects of fatigue on attention in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and normal controls. Studies with Dr. Daniel Ruchkin have demonstrated that memory rehearsal processes are marked by large negative slow waves and that different brain areas are invoked to perform verbal and spatial short-term memory rehearsal processes. Additional studies on the nature of short- and long-term memory deficits in amnestic patients and multiple sclerosis patients have been completed and data analysis has begun. Data analysis continues on studies of temporal lobectomy patients, Turner's patients, and the maturation of cognitive processes. Studies with Dr. Wolfgang Miltner have been aimed at providing additional data on the neural generator mechanisms underlying cognitive processes. Patient and control data have been used to validate the predictions of Johnson's model of the variables controlling P300 amplitude. These data revealed that, contrary to the widely accepted notion, the P300 is a component whose amplitude represents the simultaneous utilization of a number of cognitive processing "modules." During recognition memory in controls and patients, these modules appear to indicate the presence and functioning of different memory systems.

用事件相关脑电位(ERP)研究认知功能 短期和长期记忆、空间注意力和 视觉搜索、心理旋转、心算和语言 理解。对正常受试者的事件相关电位研究旨在揭示 认知的大脑机制。慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的研究 神经紊乱的目的是让我们能够更好地 患者在提供信息时的信息加工缺陷 这些认知过程背后的生理机制。数据 在痴呆症(阿尔茨海默氏症和阿尔茨海默病)的ERP研究中完成收集 帕金森病、HIV病和进行性核上性麻痹 (PSP)。艾滋病毒和PSP研究的结果表明，在 皮质下疾病的早期阶段，在皮质水平上进行， (即类似于皮质痴呆症)。此模式反转为 皮质下疾病会进展。情态动词的后续研究 PSP患者缺陷的特异性已经完成。的研究 注意过程的潜在和影响机制仍在继续 数据分析在两项研究中完成，其中一项是关于正常对照 在空间数组中直观地搜索以前以短期形式存储的项目 一项是关于疲劳对注意力的影响，另一项是关于 慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)和正常对照组。与Dr。 丹尼尔·鲁赫金已经证明了记忆预演过程 以大的负慢波为特点，不同的大脑区域 被调用以执行语言和空间短期记忆彩排 流程。关于短期和长期性质的其他研究 遗忘症患者和多发性硬化症患者的记忆障碍 已经完成，并开始进行数据分析。数据分析继续进行 关于颞叶切除术患者、Turner‘s患者和 认知过程的成熟。与沃尔夫冈·米尔特纳博士的研究 旨在提供有关神经生成器的更多数据 认知过程背后的机制。患者和对照数据 被用来验证约翰逊变量模型的预测 控制P300波幅。这些数据表明，与 被广泛接受的概念，P300是一个成分，它的幅度 表示同时利用多个认知 正在处理“模块”。在识别过程中，控件和 患者，这些模块似乎表明存在和功能 不同的存储系统。