EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDIES OF NORMAL AND ABNORMAL COGNITIVE PROCESSING

用事件相关脑电位(ERP)研究认知功能 短期和长期记忆、空间注意力和 视觉搜索、心理旋转、心算和语言 理解。对正常受试者的事件相关电位研究旨在揭示 认知的大脑机制。慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的研究 神经紊乱的目的是让我们能够更好地 患者在提供信息的同时存在信息处理缺陷 这些认知过程背后的生理机制。数据 收集阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症的事件相关电位研究 帕金森病、HIV病和进行性核上性麻痹 (PSP)。艾滋病毒和PSP研究的结果表明，在 皮质下疾病的早期阶段，在皮质水平上进行 比在皮质下水平上的处理更受影响(即， 类似于皮质痴呆症)。此模式反转为 皮质下疾病会进展。情态动词的后续研究 PSP患者缺陷的特异性已经完成。的研究 注意过程的潜在和影响机制仍在继续 数据分析在两项研究中完成，其中一项是关于正常对照 在空间数组中直观地搜索以前在短期内存储的项目 记忆，以及疲劳对患者注意力的影响 慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)患者和正常对照组。研究对象： 丹尼尔·鲁奇金博士已经证明了记忆预演过程 以大的负慢波为特点，不同的大脑区域 调用以执行语言和空间短时记忆彩排 流程。关于短期~和长期~性质的补充研究 遗忘症患者的记忆障碍已经完成，数据 分析已经开始。一项对多发性硬化症患者的研究显示， 他们对词语的短期记忆存在选择性缺陷 材料。关于颞叶切除术的研究继续进行数据分析 患者、特纳氏患者和认知过程的成熟。 与沃尔夫冈·米尔特纳博士的研究旨在提供更多 认知过程背后的神经生成器机制的数据。 患者和对照数据已经被用来验证预测 Johnson提出的控制P300波幅的变量模型。这些数据 与被广泛接受的概念相反，P300是一款 其幅度表示同时利用 认知加工“模块”的数量。在识别过程中，记忆 对照和患者，这些模块似乎指示存在和 不同存储系统的功能。

Event~related brain potentials (ERP) were used to study cognitive processes such as short~ and long~term memory, spatial attention and visual search, mental rotation, mental arithmetic, and language comprehension. ERP studies of normal subjects were intended to reveal the brain mechanisms underlying cognition. Studies of patients with neurologic disorders were intended to allow us to characterize better patients~ information processing deficits while providing information on the physiologic mechanisms underlying these cognitive processes. Data collection was completed in ERP studies of dementia Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, HIV disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The results from the HIV and PSP studies indicate that, in the earliest stages of subcortical disease, processing at the cortical level is more affected than processing at the subcortical level (i.e., resembling a cortical dementia). This pattern reverses as the subcortical disease progresses. A follow~up study on the modality specificity of deficits in PSP patients has been completed. Studies of the mechanisms underlying and affecting attentional processes continue and data analysis is complete in two studies, one on how normal controls visually search a spatial array for items previously stored in short~term memory, and the other on the effects of fatigue on attention in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and normal controls. Studies with Dr. Daniel Ruchkin have demonstrated that memory rehearsal processes are marked by large negative slow waves and that different brain areas are invoked to perform verbal and spatial short~term memory rehearsal processes. Additional studies on the nature of short~ and long~term memory deficits in amnestic patients have been completed and data analysis has begun. A study of multiple sclerosis patients revealed that they have a selective deficit in their short~term memory for verbal materials. Data analysis continues on studies of temporal lobectomy patients, Turner's patients, and the maturation of cognitive processes. Studies with Dr. Wolfgang Miltner have been aimed at providing additional data on the neural generator mechanisms underlying cognitive processes. Patient and control data have been used to validate the predictions of Johnson's model of the variables controlling P300 amplitude. These data revealed that, contrary to the widely accepted notion, the P300 is a component whose amplitude represents the simultaneous utilization of a number of cognitive processing "modules." During recognition memory in controls and patients, these modules appear to indicate the presence and functioning of different memory systems.