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Large development investment and local peacebuilding in rural Africa: building and sustaining peace at the margins.

非洲农村地区的大规模发展投资和地方和平建设：建设和维持边缘和平。

基本信息

批准号：
ES/L005670/1
负责人：
Jeremy Marc Allouche
金额：
$ 54.25万
依托单位：
Institute of Development Studies
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL005670%2F1
关键词：
Large development investment local peacebuilding

项目摘要

Across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), many of the largest development projects currently underway are in remote rural areas. These include the £15 billion Lamu-South Sudan-Ethiopian Transport Corridor Project, which will connect a new port facility at Lamu on the Kenyan coast with northern Kenya, Ethiopia and South Sudan through rail and road links as well as an oil pipeline and related refinery capacity. In the interior of Sierra Leone, a UK-Chinese consortium has launched a multi-billion pound operation in the Tonkolili mining complex, one of the world's largest defined reserves of iron ore. These projects are part of a modern scramble for Africa's land and resources and entail unprecedented levels of new investment. They are often in marginal rural areas that were long neglected by states and have a legacy of conflict and violence. The vast majority living at the rural margins have been only minimally captured by market and state institutions and instead rely on informal relations and institutions to promote peace and regulate land and resource access. While it is widely assumed that big development will transform the lives and livelihoods of rural populations, there are many examples that large development investment can be deeply destabilising and actually lead to new violence while doing little to create new jobs, spur local entrepreneurship or promote peace.This project relates to the third theme of the call that is concerned with how to minimise the risk of violence and its impacts on the poor. It examines how and why local peacebuilding efforts succeed in minimising violence in contexts where there are large new investments, focusing on the remote rural areas of Kenya and Sierra Leone.Through rigorous fieldwork in different settings of local politics and governance in northern Kenya and northern Sierra Leone, it tests the assumption that efforts to reduce the threat of violence and its impacts on the poor are more likely to succeed where they support local institutions and relations to build and sustain peace. A combination of methods will be used including a survey of households in the study sites, semi-structured interviews as well as informal discussions and interactions to develop a nuanced understanding of the institutions and relations that communities use to solve their problems and negotiate for better outcomes. In both Kenya and Sierra Leone a senior scholar will work closely with an early career researcher through the life of the project to transfer skills in generating and analysing data as well as making knowledge accessible to non-academic stakeholders. In Kenya we will work closely with Dr. Roba Duba Sharamo, a senior academic affiliated with the Future Agricultures Consortium who previously headed the Institute for Security Studies in Addis Ababa. In Sierra Leone, the team will be led by Professor Paul Richards from Njala University. The teams will partner with Saferworld in Kenya and Conciliation Resources in Sierra Leone to develop plans to translate the research findings into usable resources for a variety of development stakeholders, including states, national and local civil society, foreign investors, and donor and aid agencies. These will be discussed at knowledge sharing events in Nairobi and Freetown with senior officials. Events in the UK will be organised with targeted stakeholders including British-based overseas private investors in Kenya and Sierra Leone, the British Overseas NGOs for Development association, EU and OECD representatives, the DFID Fragile States and Conflict Team, and the All Party Parliamentary Groups on Conflict Issues and on Africa.

在整个撒哈拉以南非洲地区，目前正在进行的许多最大的发展项目都在偏远的农村地区。其中包括耗资150亿英镑的拉穆-南苏丹-埃塞俄比亚运输走廊项目，该项目将通过铁路和公路连接以及石油管道和相关炼油能力，将肯尼亚海岸拉穆的新港口设施与肯尼亚北方，埃塞俄比亚和南苏丹连接起来。在塞拉利昂内陆，一个中英联合财团在通科利利（Tonkolili）采矿综合体开展了一项价值数十亿磅的业务，该采矿综合体是世界上最大的铁矿石确定储量之一。这些项目是对非洲土地和资源的现代争夺的一部分，需要前所未有的新投资。他们往往在长期被国家忽视的边缘农村地区，并留下了冲突和暴力的遗产。生活在农村边缘的绝大多数人只被市场和国家机构最低限度地捕获，而是依赖非正式关系和机构来促进和平和管理土地和资源的获取。虽然人们普遍认为大规模发展将改变农村人口的生活和生计，但有很多例子表明，大规模发展投资可能会严重破坏稳定，实际上会导致新的暴力事件，而在创造新就业机会方面却收效甚微，该项目涉及呼吁的第三个主题，即如何最大限度地减少暴力风险及其对扶贫它审查了地方建设和平工作如何以及为什么在有大量新投资的情况下成功地将暴力减少到最低限度，重点是肯尼亚和塞拉利昂的偏远农村地区，通过在肯尼亚北方和塞拉利昂北方不同的地方政治和治理环境中进行严格的实地考察，它检验了一个假设，即减少暴力威胁及其对穷人的影响的努力在支持地方机构和关系建立和保持和平。将综合使用各种方法，包括对研究地点的住户进行调查、半结构化访谈以及非正式讨论和互动，以深入了解社区用来解决问题和谈判取得更好结果的机构和关系。在肯尼亚和塞拉利昂，一名高级学者将在整个项目期间与一名早期职业研究人员密切合作，传授生成和分析数据的技能，并向非学术利益攸关方提供知识。在肯尼亚，我们将与Roba杜巴沙拉莫博士密切合作，他是未来知识联盟的高级学者，曾担任阿迪斯安全研究所所长。在塞拉利昂，该小组将由恩贾拉大学的Paul理查兹教授领导。这些小组将与肯尼亚的加强世界安全组织和塞拉利昂的和解资源组织合作，制定计划，将研究结果转化为各种发展利益攸关方的可用资源，包括国家、国家和地方民间社会、外国投资者以及捐助和援助机构。这些问题将在内罗毕和弗里敦的知识分享活动中与高级官员讨论。联合王国的活动将与目标利益攸关方组织，包括在肯尼亚和塞拉利昂的英国海外私人投资者、英国海外非政府组织发展协会、欧盟和经合组织代表、国际发展部脆弱国家和冲突小组以及冲突问题和非洲问题各党派议会小组。