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Household survival in crisis: austerity and relatedness in Greece and Portugal

危机中的家庭生存：希腊和葡萄牙的紧缩政策和相关性

基本信息

批准号：
ES/L005883/1
负责人：
Dimitrios Theodossopoulos
金额：
$ 35.72万
依托单位：
University of Kent
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL005883%2F1
关键词：
Household survival crisis austerity relatedness

项目摘要

The recent economic crisis and its impact on the countries of the European southern periphery has greatly impacted the everyday lives of millions of citizens and their families. In Greece and Portugal, many of these people had entered into consumer society only relatively recently, but their newly acquired habits are already being called into question. To what extent can they rely again on previous (community-based and family-based) modes of social security? The sense of legitimate personal self-promotion that democracy fostered (accompanied by a tremendous increase in rates of literacy) is now being dashed in violent ways, particularly among the young people, whose expectations for the future have been placed on hold.The social dimension of this crisis is frequently assessed in terms of political rhetoric and broad figures, yet people's personal experience and the effects on marriage, child-rearing, access to higher education, inter-generational dependence, old-age care, and psychological health, have received little attention.Responding to this profound change, our project investigates household responses to austerity in two countries of equivalent size (Greece and Portugal), which have been seriously afflicted by the financial crisis and their population is now experiencing heavy austerity measures. The two countries have comparable political histories (e.g. recovered from dictatorships, joined the EU, experienced a period of consumerist modernisation before the crisis), but also contrasting cultural histories (e.g. Catholicism vs Orthodoxy, role/position during colonialism) that may inspire different responses to (and perceptions of) the crisis and external aid or intervention.In order to record the consequences of and responses to the economic crisis, as these are experiences in local contexts in Greece and Portugal, we employ ethnographic methods to access socially intimate spaces, paying particular attention to household budgeting and economic cooperation between extended family members. We focus on everyday adaptations to the crisis that have so far escaped the attention of top-down accounts. We explore emerging household responses to lower salaries, increased taxation, job scarcity, and reduced social security.Our research objectives involve a systematic study of the coping mechanisms of working- and middle-class families in Greece and Portugal. We will place particular emphasis on modes of cooperation between extended family members, such as sharing accommodation or meals, caring for dependents on a reciprocal basis, re-use of inherited properties or previously undeveloped familial capital, and new commercial or humanitarian initiatives. We will investigate how particular family members experience these re-adjustments, inviting our respondents to share insights of recent transformations in their lives, which may potentially include a perceived loss of privacy or independence, and a return to culturally embedded patterns of reliance on extended family networks.In an attempt to escape from static, populist, and top-down analyses of the crisis, our project will document the local ramifications of the crisis along with everyday modes of coping with it. Our dynamic and innovative approach sheds valuable light on the quotidian dimensions of the crisis and how they reflect the experience of self-worth. Our comparative focus (Greece and Portugal, and two fieldwork locations in each country) also contributes to assessing socio-cultural variation in economic and moral constraints. As the two countries diverge in their response to crisis, we assess what are the factors of divergence that may be taken into consideration in analyses of political and financial performances carried out at more macro-social levels.

最近的经济危机及其对欧洲南部周边国家的影响，极大地影响了数百万公民及其家庭的日常生活。在希腊和葡萄牙，这些人中的许多人只是在相对较近的时间才进入消费社会，但他们新养成的习惯已经受到质疑。他们在多大程度上可以再次依靠以前的（以社区和家庭为基础的）社会保障模式？民主所培养的合法的个人自我推销意识这场危机的社会层面常常从政治辞令和广泛数字的角度来评估，但人们的个人经历以及对婚姻、育儿、教育和其他方面的影响，为了应对这一深刻变化，本课题以受金融危机影响严重、正在实施紧缩政策的两个同等规模的国家（希腊和葡萄牙）为对象，调查了家庭对紧缩政策的反应。这两个国家有着相似的政治历史（例如，从殖民地恢复过来，加入欧盟，在危机前经历了一段消费主义现代化时期），但也对比了文化历史（例如天主教与东正教，在殖民主义期间的作用/地位），可能会激发不同的反应，为了记录经济危机的后果和应对措施，由于这些都是希腊和葡萄牙当地的经验，我们采用人种学方法来进入社会亲密空间，特别注意家庭预算和大家庭成员之间的经济合作。我们关注的是危机的日常适应，这些适应迄今为止一直没有受到自上而下的报道的关注。我们探讨新兴的家庭应对低工资，增加税收，工作稀缺性，减少社会safety.Our研究目标涉及在希腊和葡萄牙的工作和中产阶级家庭的应对机制的系统研究。我们将特别强调大家庭成员之间的合作模式，例如分享住宿或膳食，在互惠基础上照顾受抚养人，重新使用继承的财产或以前未开发的家庭资本，以及新的商业或人道主义倡议。我们将调查特定家庭成员如何经历这些重新调整，邀请受访者分享他们生活中最近的转变，其中可能包括感知到的隐私或独立性的丧失，以及回归依赖大家庭网络的文化嵌入模式。为了摆脱对危机的静态，民粹主义和自上而下的分析，我们的项目将记录沿着而来的危机对当地的影响，以及日常应对危机的方式。我们充满活力和创新的方法为危机的埃塞俄比亚层面以及它们如何反映自我价值的体验提供了宝贵的启示。我们的比较重点（希腊和葡萄牙，并在每个国家的两个实地考察地点）也有助于评估经济和道德约束的社会文化差异。由于两国在应对危机方面存在分歧，我们评估了在更宏观的社会层面上进行的政治和金融表现分析中可能考虑的分歧因素。