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Understanding quality of life and well-being of older people - Case studies of China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh

了解老年人的生活质量和福祉——中国、印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉国的案例研究

基本信息

批准号：
ES/L014084/1
负责人：
Asghar Zaidi
金额：
$ 20.21万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL014084%2F1
关键词：
Understanding quality life well being

项目摘要

Policy responses to challenges linked with rapid population ageing, especially in middle and low income countries, require a clear understanding of the factors that influence the well-being and quality of life of older people. Comparative analysis of secondary data has the potential to highlight outcomes of good policy practices and illuminate what policy reforms and data improvements are essential for this purpose.The study proposed will undertake secondary data analysis of older people living in China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The choice of these countries is driven by the fact that the speed of ageing in these countries will be considerably fast: the proportion of the population aged 60 and over will be more than double by 2050. Also, these countries represent different policy regimes and, given past legacies, there is strong potential for mutual learning in policy making to address the issues of ageing and the aged. The research will build upon the work undertaken by the PI and HelpAge International in constructing the Global AgeWatch Index 2013, and will make a unique contribution that will achieve not just the promotion of scientific comparative research on issues of ageing and older people, but also (through joint production of knowledge) it will achieve high levels of policy and practitioners impact, through engagement of experts and stakeholders and through web and media dissemination at various stages of the research. The Global AgeWatch Index in its current form captures only the national levels of well-being of older people with data that is available in international databases. The project will shed further light on differentials within these countries, and what additional indicators can be computed from the national datasets providing further insights about the measurement of concepts of capabilities and vulnerabilities of older people. Through disaggregation of these indicators using the six most pertinent demographic and socio-economic attributes (age, gender, educational attainment, living arrangements, and regions such as rural/urban distinction), the study will highlight which of these attributes are particularly important for specific aspects of the quality of life and well-being of older people. By analysing key features of different policies operating in these countries, particularly with respect to social protection, health, social care and the enabling environments, the analysis will show how different policy settings can be linked to differential outcomes pointing to good policy practices that can be emphasised for the consideration of these four and other countries.The above analyses of secondary data will be undertaken jointly with HelpAge International, which has substantive experience of engagement with the national governments for research and programming (see, for instance, Khondker et al. 2013; Erb 2011; Vilela 2013). National stakeholder consultations as well as presentation of the results in international conferences will deliver the key findings to academic and non-academic beneficiaries, to national and international stakeholders, and to researchers as well as statistical communities. The dissemination of key findings from this study will also help experts and stakeholders in other regions to guide their discussion with governments regarding policies on ageing; data collection and improvements; cooperation among national and international institutions to collate and share existing data; and how the evidence generated can be used effectively for policy implementation. The future development of the GAWI and its wider use, arising from the project, will also shed a light on dimensions of growing concern to policy makers engaged in the post 2015 sustainable development framework, such as inequalities, eliminating persistent poverty, achieving universal health coverage and extending social protection through the social protection floor.

应对与人口迅速老龄化有关的挑战的政策，特别是在中低收入国家，需要清楚地了解影响老年人福祉和生活质量的因素。对二手数据的比较分析有可能突出良好政策做法的成果，并说明为此目的进行哪些政策改革和数据改进至关重要，拟议的研究将对生活在中国、印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉国的老年人进行二手数据分析。之所以选择这些国家，是因为这些国家的老龄化速度将相当快：到2050年，60岁及以上人口的比例将增加一倍以上。此外，这些国家代表着不同的政策制度，鉴于过去的遗留问题，在制定政策以解决老龄化和老年人问题方面有很大的相互学习的潜力。这项研究将以国际和平研究所和国际助老会在编制2013年全球老龄问题观察指数方面所做的工作为基础，并将作出独特的贡献，不仅将促进关于老龄化和老年人问题的科学比较研究，（通过联合产生知识）它将对政策和从业人员产生高度影响，通过专家和利益攸关方的参与，并通过网络和媒体在研究的各个阶段进行传播。目前形式的全球老年人福祉观察指数仅反映各国老年人福祉水平，数据来自国际数据库。该项目将进一步阐明这些国家内部的差异，以及可以从国家数据集计算出哪些其他指标，从而进一步了解老年人能力和脆弱性概念的衡量。通过使用六个最相关的人口和社会经济特征（年龄、性别、教育程度、生活安排和城乡差别等区域）对这些指标进行分类，研究将突出这些特征中哪些对老年人生活质量和福祉的具体方面特别重要。通过分析这些国家实施的不同政策的主要特点，特别是在社会保障、卫生、社会照顾和有利环境方面，分析将表明，不同的政策环境如何与不同的结果相联系，这些结果表明，可以强调良好的政策做法，供这四个国家和其他国家考虑。上述对二手数据的分析将与国际助老会联合进行国际组织，在与各国政府合作进行研究和规划方面拥有丰富的经验（例如，参见Khondker等人，2013年; Erb，2011年; Vilela，2013年）。国家利益攸关方协商以及在国际会议上介绍结果，将向学术和非学术受益者、国家和国际利益攸关方、研究人员以及统计界提供主要调查结果。传播这项研究的主要结论还将有助于其他区域的专家和利益攸关方指导他们与各国政府就下列问题进行的讨论：老龄化政策;数据收集和改进;国家和国际机构之间合作整理和分享现有数据;以及如何有效利用所产生的证据来执行政策。全球妇女赋权倡议的未来发展及其因该项目而得到的更广泛使用，也将阐明参与2015年后可持续发展框架的决策者日益关切的问题，如不平等、消除持续贫穷、实现全民医保以及通过社会保障最低标准扩大社会保障。