CEREBRAL CORTICAL MECHANISMS FOR EYE MOVEMENTS AND VISUAL ATTENTION

两条不同的调查路线被用来确定大脑是如何 大脑皮质及其传出区域控制眼球运动和视觉空间 请注意。其中一种是后扣带回神经元的活动。 在不同的视觉运动任务中进行研究，以确定他们的活动 眼球运动、视觉刺激和眼眶位置。神经元 眼球跳动后出院。他们的出院 受扫视幅度和方向的影响，初始轨道 眼睛的位置，以及眼睛的眼眶位置 完成眼球跳动。一些神经元也可以被调制 通过背景照明的变化；其他人有坦率的视觉反应。 在另一条线索中，顶叶外侧的视觉神经元 对大脑皮层和上丘进行了研究 由眼球运动产生的视觉刺激，以便理解 运动计划对这些神经元视觉反应的影响。 神经元也在许多行为范式中进行了研究，以了解 空间处理与视觉处理的关系。大脑中的神经元 视觉刺激引起的顶区外侧放电 增强对注意刺激的反应，但也包括眼跳前的放电 没有视觉刺激的。它们准确地表达了 视网膜感受器瞬间移位在视网膜定位框架内的空间 扫视前的场地。

Two different lines of inquiry were followed to determine how the cerebral cortex and its efferent regions control eye movements and visuospatial attention. In one, activity of neurons in the posterior cingulate were studied during various visuomotor tasks to determine their activity with respect to eye movements, visual stimuli, and orbital position. Neurons were found which discharged after saccadic eye movements. Their discharge was influenced by the saccade amplitude and direction, the initial orbital position of the eye, and the orbital position of the eye after the completion of saccadic eye movements. Some neurons could also be modulated by changes in background illumination; others had frank visual responses. In the other line of inquiry, visual neurons in the lateral intraparietal region of the cerebral cortex and superior colliculus were studied using the visual stimulation engendered by eye movements in order to understand the effect of motor planning on the visual responsiveness of these neurons. Neurons were also studied in a number of behavioral paradigms to understand the relation of spatial processing to visual processing. Neurons in the lateral intraparietal region discharge in response to visual stimuli give enhanced responses to attended stimuli but also discharge before saccades made without visual stimuli. They effect an accurate representation of space in a retinotopic framework by transiently shifting retinal receptive fields before saccades.