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Using genetic and environmental risks to understand variation in social, emotional, and educational outcomes in individuals with language impairments.

利用遗传和环境风险来了解有语言障碍的个体的社会、情感和教育结果的变化。

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P001955/2
负责人：
Umar Toseeb
金额：
$ 13.59万
依托单位：
University of York
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP001955%2F2
关键词：
Using genetic environmental risks understand

项目摘要

Language Impairment (LI) is one of the most common childhood disorders. It is characterized by problems with using and understanding spoken language, in the absence of obvious causes such as deafness. The disorder is 'hidden', in that affected individuals do not have any marked visible features distinguishing them from other children. Among 5-year-olds, approximately 7% have LI - seven times more prevalent than autism. Children affected by LI often experience social, emotional health, and educational problems. As adults, many will struggle to find stable employment and are at increased risk of social dysfunction and mental health difficulties. Despite the serious implications of the condition for children and their families, LI is little known among the general community. LI is a varied disorder, with different children manifesting different profiles of associated difficulties. Not all children go on to have poor outcomes. For example, some may have behavioural difficulties whilst others do not. Determining what makes different children vulnerable is challenging. The project will make use of genetic-risk information and data from the first 2 years of child's life (such as number of books in the household, socioeconomic status etc.) to classify children into sub-groups, using a statistical method known as latent class analysis. This will allow the investigation of whether belonging to certain sub-groups affects outcomes in middle childhood. For example, it may be that the children with a high genetic risk and a favourable home environment have comparable outcomes to those children with low genetic risk and a favourable home environment. If this does prove to be the case, it would suggest that genetic risk can be mitigated by a favourable home environment. This would provide evidence to target resources towards the most vulnerable children to improve their quality of life.The project will also identify the pathways to poor outcomes in social adjustment, educational attainment and mental health functioning. For example, it may be that children with high genetic risk and a unfavourable home environment have behavioural difficulties and emotional problems in middle childhood. Pathway analyses afford the examination of multiple factors and different potential routes: how children may get from A to B. It also affords the evaluation of the strength of different pathways and the assessment of the extent to which outcomes in different areas of functioning derive from common or distinctive routes. Part of the strength of this proposal is the inclusion of a variety of factors: genetic, environmental, and psychological in the same model. The economic cost associated with language impairment has been estimated at 2.5% of gross national product. Evidence on the pathways to adverse outcomes will have wide ranging implications for public health measures and service provision. This type of project requires large numbers of participants. Approval has been granted to use the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). This is an existing, epidemiological database that has records for ~7,000 children so no new data collection is needed for the project.

语言障碍（Language Impairment，LI）是儿童期最常见的语言障碍之一。其特点是在没有明显原因（如耳聋）的情况下，使用和理解口语存在问题。这种疾病是“隐藏的”，因为受影响的个体没有任何明显的可见特征将他们与其他儿童区分开来。在5岁的儿童中，大约7%的人患有LI -比自闭症的患病率高7倍。受LI影响的儿童往往会遇到社会，情绪健康和教育问题。作为成年人，许多人将难以找到稳定的工作，并面临社会功能障碍和心理健康困难的风险增加。尽管这种情况对儿童及其家庭造成严重影响，但LI在一般社区中鲜为人知。 LI是一种多样的障碍，不同的儿童表现出不同的相关困难。并不是所有的孩子都会有糟糕的结果。例如，有些人可能有行为困难，而另一些人则没有。确定是什么使不同的儿童易受伤害是一项挑战。该项目将利用儿童生命最初2年的遗传风险信息和数据（如家庭书籍数量、社会经济地位等）。使用一种被称为潜在类别分析的统计方法，将儿童分成子组。这将允许调查是否属于某些亚组影响在童年中期的结果。例如，具有高遗传风险和有利家庭环境的儿童可能与具有低遗传风险和有利家庭环境的儿童具有类似的结果。如果事实证明确实如此，这将表明有利的家庭环境可以减轻遗传风险。这将为将资源用于改善最弱势儿童的生活质量提供证据，该项目还将确定在社会适应、教育程度和心理健康功能方面导致不良结果的途径。例如，遗传风险高和家庭环境不利的儿童可能在童年中期出现行为困难和情绪问题。路径分析提供了多种因素和不同的潜在途径的检查：儿童如何从A到B。它还可以评价不同途径的力量，评估不同职能领域的成果在多大程度上来自共同或独特的途径。这一建议的部分优势在于将多种因素纳入同一模型：遗传、环境和心理。与语言障碍相关的经济成本估计为国民生产总值的2.5%。关于不良后果途径的证据将对公共卫生措施和服务提供产生广泛影响。这种类型的项目需要大量的参与者。已获准使用雅芳家长和儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）。这是一个现有的流行病学数据库，有大约7 000名儿童的记录，因此该项目不需要收集新的数据。