INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL AND AFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING IN INFANCY

这个项目的重点是在身体和情感的个体差异 以及这种差异的长期后果。 一项研究关注的是某些心理生理和 唤醒或易怒的行为迹象（例如，心率，心率 变异性、迷走神经张力、绞痛、失眠、哭泣） 生活中的各种因素与孩子的气质、情感 表现力和生理学的影响。 初步分析的数据，从初始阶段（5个月和7个月）， 研究表明， 迷走神经张力、心率和母亲的气质评级。此外，本发明还 与具有中等迷走神经张力的婴儿相比， 迷走神经张力极高的人被认为更挑剔， 极低的迷走神经张力被评定为更不适应。7个月时， 迷走神经张力最低的婴儿被认为比 具有中等或最高迷走神经张力评分的婴儿。 在第二个项目中， 西班牙裔母亲和他们的婴儿，SSED工作人员正在研究的影响， 母亲行为、母亲特征、家庭模式和婴儿 这些特征对随后的社会情感发展的影响 西班牙裔儿童观察这些西班牙人在家中 促进制定文化敏感的标准， 规范社会行为与亲子关系发展 关系。

This project focuses on individual differences in physical and affective functioning in newborns and the long-term consequences of such differences. One study is concerned with the ways certain psychophysiological and behavioral signs of arousal or irritability (e.g., heart rate, heart rate variability, vagal tone, colic, sleeplessness, crying) in the first months of life are related to measures of the child's temperament, emotional expressiveness, and physiology at later ages. Preliminary analyses of the data from the initial (5 and 7 month) phases of the study revealed that there was significant temporal stability for the vagal tone, heart rate, and maternal ratings of temperament. Additionally, when compared to infants with moderate vagal tones, 5-month-old infants who had extremely high vagal tone were rated as more fussy and those who had extremely low vagal tone were rated as more unadaptable. At 7 months, the infants with the lowest vagal tone were rated as more unadaptable than the infants with either moderate or with the highest vagal tone scores. In a second project concerned with interactions between lower-class Hispanic mothers and their infants, SSED staff are studying the effects of maternal behavior, maternal characteristics, family patterns, and infant characteristics upon the subsequent socioemotional development of these Hispanic children. Observing these Hispanic individuals in their homes facilitates the development of culturally-sensitive criteria for evaluating normative social behavior and the development of parent-infant relationships.