PATTERN OF CHILDREARING ACROSS CULTURES AND ECOLOGIES

这个项目的工作涉及多个不同领域的研究 文化。总体目标是探索发展的途径 环境可以通过物理和社会上的变化来描述 生态，特别是在父母的信仰、价值观和做法方面， 并评估这些领域的差异如何影响儿童的 发展。在第一项研究中，对西非父母进行了采访 关于他们的认知、价值观、期望、责任和 练习。这些数据正在分析中，并将在 关于发育生态位变异的信息的背景。首字母 结果表明，都市性、代际和性别独立 影响传统内生信仰的替代 起源于西方。在第二项研究中，研究人员试图评估 母亲和儿童对彼此的具体归因，以便 确定归因或期望在多大程度上塑造方式 父母和孩子之间的互动，特别关注 攻击性行为的发展。第三，观察性报告和家长报告 正在对婴儿-母亲依恋的测量进行研究 日本母婴.压力和压力影响的评估 将使用社会支持来验证这些措施。

The work on this project involves a number of studies in a variety of cultures. The overall objective is to explore the ways developmental environments can be described by variations in physical and social ecologies, especially in terms of parental beliefs, values, and practices, and to assess how differences in these domains affect children's development. In the first study, West African parents were interviewed about their perceptions, values, expectations, responsibilities, and practices. These data are being analyzed and will be interpreted in the context of information about variations in developmental niches. Initial results show that urbanicity, generation, and gender independently influence the replacement of traditional endogenous beliefs by those of Western origin. In a second study, researchers are attempting to assess specific maternal and child attributions about one another in order to identify the extent to which attributions or expectations shape the way that parents and children interact, with particular focus on the development of aggressive behavior. Third, observational and parent-report measures of infant-mother attachment are being studied in samples of Japanese mothers and infants; assessments of the effects of stress and social support will be used to validate these measures.