CHRONIC CNS DISEASE STUDIES--SLOW, LATENT AND TEMPERATE VIRUS INFECTIONS

慢性中枢神经系统疾病研究——缓慢、潜伏和温带病毒感染

• 批准号: 3968879
• 负责人: D CARLETON GAJDUSEK
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3968879
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; Huntington's disease; Parkinson's disease; autism; autoimmune disorder; biopsy; brain neoplasms; central nervous system disorders; child (0-11); chronic disease /disorder; communicable disease transmission; congenital neuromuscular disorder; degenerative motor system disease; dementia; electrofocusing; electron microscopy; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; genetic disorder; human morbidity; human population genetics; human subject; human tissue; iatrogenic disease; immunofluorescence technique; international cooperation; interview; latent virus infection; multiple sclerosis; muscular dystrophy; myelinopathy; nervous system disorder diagnosis; nervous system disorder epidemiology; nervous system infection; neuromuscular disorder diagnosis; neurotropic virus; occupational hazard; paralysis; partial seizure; postmortem; prions; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; psychobiology; schizophrenia; scrapie; serology /serodiagnosis; spongiform encephalopathy; subacute sclerosing panencephalitis; tissue /cell culture; virus antigen; virus classification; virus cytopathogenic effect; virus infection mechanism; virus replication; zoonosis

Studies elucidate cause and pathogenesis of chronic degenerative CNS disorders with emphasis on MS, ALS, Parkinsonism-dementia, Parkinson's, Pick's, and Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, supranuclear palsy, other presenile dementias, spinocerebellar ataxias, epilepsy, chronic encephalitis with focal epilepsy, muscular dystrophies, chronic schizophrenia, autism, SSPE, PML, dialysis encephalopathy, and intracranial neoplasm. Even familial, apparently hereditary diseases may be slow virus infections. Subacute spongiform virus encephalopathies: kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) of man; scrapie and mink encephalopathy are caused by unconventional viruses with unique properties posing important theoretical problems to microbiology and molecular biology; a major goal is elucidation of their structure and mechanisms of replication. Transmissible virus dementias are increasingly recognized worldwide causes of death: high incidence foci, transmission by corneal transplant or brain surgery, and occupational hazards from exposure to diseased or infectious brain. In order to determine the usual mode of infection with the virus, a worldwide epidemiological study of transmissible virus dementia (CJD) cases is underway with special attention to familial clusters of cases and with a quest for possible relationship of scrapie of sheep to the human disease. Familial and nonfamilial dementia and the dementias of senility are studied. The autoimmune responses to specific brain antigens in CNS diseases are under intensive investigation. DNA in situ hybridization and electrophoretic focusing partition of proteins along with enzymatic and hybridoma immunofluorescence and many other techniques are used to try to identify viral subunits and partial genomes in tissues in chronic diseases.

研究阐明慢性退行性中枢神经系统的病因和发病机制 重点关注 MS、ALS、帕金森痴呆症、帕金森病、 皮克氏病、阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿舞蹈病、核上性麻痹、 其他早老性痴呆、脊髓小脑性共济失调、癫痫、慢性 脑炎伴局灶性癫痫、肌营养不良、慢性 精神分裂症、自闭症、SSPE、PML、透析性脑病和颅内 肿瘤。 即使是家族性的、明显遗传的疾病也可能是慢病毒 感染。 亚急性海绵状病毒脑病：库鲁病和 人类克雅氏病 (CJD)；痒病和水貂脑病是 由非常规病毒引起，具有重要的独特性质 微生物学和分子生物学的理论问题；一个主要目标是 阐明它们的结构和复制机制。 传染性病毒性痴呆已成为全球日益公认的病因 死亡：高发灶，通过角膜移植或大脑传播 手术以及接触患病或传染性疾病造成的职业危害 脑。 为了确定病毒的通常感染方式， 传染性病毒性痴呆（CJD）病例的全球流行病学研究 正在进行中，特别关注家族聚集性病例，并 探索羊痒病与人类疾病的可能关系。 家族性和非家族性痴呆以及老年性痴呆是 研究过。 中枢神经系统对特定脑抗原的自身免疫反应 疾病正在深入调查中。 DNA原位杂交和 蛋白质的电泳聚焦分离以及酶促和 杂交瘤免疫荧光和许多其他技术被用来尝试 识别慢性疾病组织中的病毒亚基和部分基因组。