NEUROBIOLOGY--CHILD DEVELOPMENT, AND DISEASE PATTERNS IN PRIMITIVE CULTURE

神经生物学——原始文化中的儿童发育和疾病模式

• 批准号: 3968884
• 负责人: D CARLETON GAJDUSEK
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3968884
• 关键词: Africa; Asia; Australia; Bunyaviridae; China; Commonwealth of Independent States; Indonesia; Japan; Pacific Islands; Parkinson's disease; Scandinavian country; South America; acquired immunodeficiency; aging; asthma; biological polymorphism; brain disorders; central nervous system; child (0-11); child physical development; child psychology; chronic disease /disorder; cognition; congenital nervous system disorder; cretinisms; degenerative motor system disease; environmental adaptation; environmental stressor; epidemiology; epilepsy; evolution; fertility; field study; filariasis; goiter; hemorrhagic fever; human age group; human population genetics; human subject; human tissue; hysteria; immunology; international cooperation; interview; language development; learning; leprosy; lifestyle; lung disorder; malaria; mathematical ability; mental health epidemiology; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nervous system disorder epidemiology; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurologic manifestations; neurophysiology; nutrition; parasitic diseases; pathologic process; physiologic stressor; psychobiology; psychological adaptation; psychological stressor; psychosexual development; reproduction; rheumatism; schizophrenia; sex behavior; zoonosis

Studies of human biology of vanishing primitive societies focus on neurological development and learning patterns in diverse cultural experiments in the human condition found in such isolated groups. Opportunistic investigation of problems phrased by man in isolation is the basis of approach from which all our studies have evolved. Techniques of molecular biology, immunology, virology, endocrinology and biochemistry and field epidemiological, clinical, linguistic and behavioral studies in cultural isolates and genetic and/or geographically isolated primitive bands yield more easily interpretable data than in cosmopolitan societies. Data and specimens collected on expeditions to Micronesia, Polynesia, Solomon Islands, New Hebrides, New Guinea, Indonesia, South America, Asia and Africa are used. Studies on nutrition, reproduction, fertility, neuroendocrine influences on age of sexual maturation and aging, genetic polymorphisms, genetic distance, unusual and odd employment of the higher cerebral functions in language learning, cognitive styles, computation (calculation without words or numbers) and culturally modified sexual behavior elucidate alternative forms of neurologic functioning for man which we would be unable to investigate once the natural cultural experiments in primitive human isolates are amalgamated into the cosmopolitan community of man. Foci of high incidence of kuru, ALS/PD, epilepsy, spastic paraparesis, familial parkinsonism, other CNS degenerations, hysterical disorders, schizophrenia, neoplasms, goiter, cretinism, rheumatoid diseases, diabetes, asthma, chronic lung disease, malaria, filariasis, leprosy, cysticercosis, and other infections are investigated. Zoonoses such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in China, Japan, Korea, USSR, Scandinavia, and the Balkans are studied including these newly recognized Bunyawera viruses in the U.S. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome studied by our group in 1950-1960 have been reinitiated. Human evolution and adaptability to high altitude, excessively wet or arid climates, variable food supply, mineral deficiencies, toxic exposures and responses to severe diseases or social/psychological stress are under investigation in appropriate population isolates.

对正在消失的原始社会的人类生物学研究集中在 不同文化背景下的神经发育和学习模式 在这些孤立的群体中发现的人类条件的实验。 对孤立的人所提出的问题的实证研究是 这是我们所有研究的基础。 技术 分子生物学、免疫学、病毒学、内分泌学和生物化学， 现场流行病学、临床、语言和行为研究， 文化隔离和遗传和/或地理隔离的原始 波段产生的数据比国际社会更容易解释。 在密克罗尼西亚，波利尼西亚， 所罗门群岛、新赫布里底群岛、新几内亚、印度尼西亚、南美洲、亚洲 和非洲使用。 研究营养、生殖、生育， 神经内分泌对性成熟和衰老年龄的影响，遗传的 多态性、遗传距离、高等教育的异常就业和奇怪就业 语言学习中的脑功能，认知方式，计算 （计算没有文字或数字）和文化上修改的性 行为阐明了人类神经功能的替代形式 一旦自然的文化消失， 在原始人类分离物中的实验被合并到 库鲁病、ALS/PD的高发区， 癫痫、痉挛性下肢轻瘫、家族性帕金森综合征、其他CNS 变性、癔病、精神分裂症、肿瘤、甲状腺肿， 克汀病、类风湿性疾病、糖尿病、哮喘、慢性肺病、 疟疾、丝虫病、麻风病、囊尾丝虫病和其他感染， 研究了 肾综合征出血热等人畜共患病， 中国，日本，韩国，苏联，斯堪的纳维亚半岛和巴尔干半岛的研究 包括这些在美国新发现的Bunyawera病毒 我们小组在1950-1960年研究的免疫缺陷综合征， 重新开始 人类进化和对高海拔的适应性， 过于潮湿或干旱的气候，多变的食物供应，矿物质 缺乏、毒性暴露和对严重疾病的反应，或 社会/心理压力正在适当调查中， 种群隔离。