DNA SEQUENCE VARIATION IN THE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE GENE REGION OF DROSOPHILA

果蝇乙醇脱氢酶基因区DNA序列变异

• 批准号: 4693253
• 负责人: C H LANGLEY
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/4693253
• 关键词: DNA; alcohol dehydrogenase; animal population genetics; chromosome aberrations; chromosome deletion; genetic mapping; genetic regulation; genetic strain; genetic transcription; nucleic acid sequence; transposon /insertion element

Variation in the DNA restriction map in the Adh region (alcohol dehydrogenase locus) of chromosome II of Drosophila melanogaster from natural populations was examined. Two and a half percent of the nucleotides are polymorphic in the 12 kilobase region examined. In addition, insertions and deletions are common. Insertions of over 200 nucleotides are transposable elements. The frequency distribution within Drosophila melanogaster and among related species suggests that such variants are deleterious mutants. Comparisons of Adh gene activity among inserted and noninserted sequences support this view for some variants. Selection for a limited element copy number appears to be the most likely general explanation for their deleterious behavior. Evidence is found for preferential insertion of transposable elements into sequences implicated as being important in gene regulation. The main element involved has been sequenced and shown to be a new member of the F-like family. Two levels of Adh activity (high and low) commonly segregating in natural populations appear due to one or more nucleotide substitutions within the transcript that in some way alter Adh expression (possibly by affecting mRNA stability, processing or translation). Examination of Adh region sequences in 59 lines of Drosophila that have collected mutations for 300 generations (59 x 300 x 2 = 35,400 allele generations) shows a significant increase in Adh activity variation but no structural gene or flanking sequence changes. Adh region variation has also been examined by restriction mapping and DNA sequencing in two related species, D. simulans and D. pneudrobscura. It is clear that the target for mutations of significant effect is substantially larger than the coding sequence for the gene product.

Adh区域DNA限制性图谱的变异（酒精 脱氢酶基因座）的染色体II的黑腹果蝇从 对自然种群进行了研究。 百分之二点五的 在所检测的12个内切酶区域中核苷酸是多态的。 在 添加、插入和删除是常见的。 插入超过200 核苷酸是转座因子。 内的频率分布 黑腹果蝇和相关物种的研究表明， 变体是有害的突变体。 Adh基因活性的比较 插入的和非插入的序列支持某些变体的这种观点。 选择有限的元素拷贝数似乎是最有可能的 对他们有害行为的一般解释 证据显示， 转座因子优先插入到涉及的序列中 在基因调控中很重要。 所涉及的主要因素是 测序并显示为F样家族的新成员。 两级 ADH活性（高和低）在自然群体中普遍分离 由于转录物内的一个或多个核苷酸取代而出现 以某种方式改变Adh表达（可能通过影响mRNA 稳定性、处理或翻译）。 Adh区域序列的检查 在59个果蝇品系中， (59 x 300 x 2 = 35，400个等位基因世代）显示， Adh活性变异但无结构基因或侧翼序列 变化 Adh区域的变化也已审查限制 两个近缘种D. simulans和D. 你好 很明显，重要突变的靶点 作用远大于基因的编码序列 产品