Understanding excess child and adolescent mortality in the United Kingdom compared with EU15+ countries

了解英国与欧盟 15 国相比过高的儿童和青少年死亡率

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    MR/R00160X/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2017 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The rate at which children die in the United Kingdom is higher than in many other developed countries. I will investigate why this occurs, and thus inform policies to improve UK child survival.In the 1970s UK child mortality rates (the number of child deaths per 100,00 population) were similar to those in comparable wealthy nations, and in many areas the UK performed well. However, although UK child mortality has been falling since then, the rate of decline has been slower than in other countries, and the UK now has one of the highest child mortality rates in Europe. If the UK had a mortality rate similar to Sweden (the best performing country), about 2000 fewer children would die each year, or 5 fewer a day. I will establish an up to date picture of child mortality compared with similar wealthy nations, and then investigate where the UK performs badly - i.e. identify which causes of death and age groups show the greatest difference. The comparator group I will use is the EU15+ - meaning the countries of the EU before 2004 plus Canada, Australia and Norway. Previous studies have shown a high risk of dying around the time of birth in the UK, which has been explained by high rates of early delivery and low birth weights. My project will concentrate on causes of death after the newborn period, where the UK also performs poorly but about which little is known. Previous studies have shown that many outcomes (including mortality) for long-term conditions (also known as non-communicable diseases (NCDs)) such as asthma, diabetes and cancer, are worse in the UK than other wealthy nations. I will look at these causes of death in much greater detail than has been done previously, to identify which causes contribute to the high rates of child mortality in the UK. Because many of these conditions affect teenagers and young adults, the project will focus on deaths in young people to age 24 years as well as in younger children.I will also examine where in the UK children are more likely to die. I will examine whether some of the high child death rates are due to high levels of poverty, social exclusion, and other markers of deprivation which are known to affect child health. Previous research has shown that poverty in the UK is more concentrated among children than adults, in contrast to other European countries, and I will explore if this a factor in high UK child mortality rates. This part of the project looking at social determinants of health will help identify which groups will need particular attention to reduce child mortality, and identify particular policy areas outside of health where intervention could save lives.Finally, I will look at how health services are used in the years before children die in the UK. Previous studies have shown wide variation in the care that children receive for common illnesses in different parts of the country. I will explore whether access to and use of health care services such as outpatient clinics, attendances to Accident and Emergency departments, and rates of missed appointments prior to death, and the way these vary across England, may be related to greater risk of dying. I will use data on causes of death collected routinely by national statistics offices in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. These organisations also provide data on levels of poverty and inequality needed for my analysis. This information can be linked with data collected by hospitals on which children were admitted, had clinic appointments, or attended emergency department, to describe use of health services before death.I will describe patterns of UK child mortality in detail and identify which groups are at greatest risk and how much deprivation and healthcare factors are related to this risk. My findings may enable effective policies to be developed to reduce child deaths in the UK, a key healthcare priority.
英国的儿童死亡率高于其他许多发达国家。我将调查为什么会发生这种情况,从而为提高英国儿童存活率的政策提供参考。20世纪70年代,英国的儿童死亡率(每10万人中的儿童死亡人数)与可比的富裕国家相似,而且在许多领域英国表现良好。然而,尽管自那以来英国的儿童死亡率一直在下降,但下降的速度比其他国家慢,英国现在是欧洲儿童死亡率最高的国家之一。如果英国的死亡率与瑞典(表现最好的国家)相似,每年将减少约2000名儿童死亡,或每天减少5名。我将建立一张与类似富裕国家相比的儿童死亡率的最新图景,然后调查英国表现最差的地方--即找出哪些死亡原因和年龄组显示出最大的差异。我将使用的比较组是EU15+-意味着2004年前的欧盟国家加上加拿大、澳大利亚和挪威。此前的研究表明,在英国,出生前后死亡的风险很高,这可以用高早产率和低出生体重来解释。我的项目将专注于新生儿期后的死亡原因,英国在这方面的表现也很差,但人们对此知之甚少。此前的研究表明,在英国,哮喘、糖尿病和癌症等长期疾病(也称为非传染性疾病)的许多后果(包括死亡率)比其他富裕国家更糟糕。我将比以前更详细地研究这些死亡原因,以确定哪些原因导致了英国儿童高死亡率。由于这些疾病中的许多都会影响青少年和年轻人,该项目将关注24岁至24岁的年轻人以及年龄更小的儿童的死亡情况。我还将研究英国哪些地方的儿童更有可能死亡。我将研究一些高儿童死亡率是否是由于高水平的贫困、社会排斥和其他已知影响儿童健康的贫困标志。之前的研究表明,与其他欧洲国家相比,英国的贫困更集中在儿童中,而不是成年人,我将探索这是否是导致英国儿童死亡率高的一个因素。该项目的这一部分着眼于健康的社会决定因素,将有助于确定哪些群体需要特别关注以降低儿童死亡率,并确定在健康之外的特定政策领域,干预可以挽救生命。最后,我将看看在英国儿童死亡之前的几年里,卫生服务是如何使用的。此前的研究表明,在美国不同地区,儿童因常见疾病而接受的护理存在很大差异。我将探索获得和使用医疗保健服务的机会和使用情况,如门诊部、急症室就诊次数、死亡前错过预约的比率,以及这些服务在英格兰各地的差异,是否与更大的死亡风险有关。我将使用英格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰和苏格兰的国家统计局定期收集的死因数据。这些组织还提供了我分析所需的贫困和不平等程度的数据。这些信息可以与儿童入院、预约诊所或去急诊科的医院收集的数据联系起来,描述儿童生前使用医疗服务的情况。我将详细描述英国儿童死亡的模式,并确定哪些群体风险最高,以及剥夺和医疗保健因素与这种风险有多大相关。我的发现可能有助于制定有效的政策,以减少英国的儿童死亡,这是一个关键的医疗保健优先事项。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
  • DOI:
    10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30925-9
  • 发表时间:
    2020-10-17
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators
  • 通讯作者:
    GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by children and young people in households and schools: A meta-analysis of population-based and contact-tracing studies.
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.026
  • 发表时间:
    2022-03
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Viner R;Waddington C;Mytton O;Booy R;Cruz J;Ward J;Ladhani S;Panovska-Griffiths J;Bonell C;Melendez-Torres GJ
  • 通讯作者:
    Melendez-Torres GJ
Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10-24 years, 1950-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
  • DOI:
    10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01546-4
  • 发表时间:
    2021-10-30
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    GBD 2019 Adolescent Mortality Collaborators
  • 通讯作者:
    GBD 2019 Adolescent Mortality Collaborators
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Joseph Ward其他文献

Linguine technique for excision of lentigo maligna and poorly defined non-melanotic skin cancer – A case series
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jpra.2019.01.005
  • 发表时间:
    2019-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Joseph Ward;Grammatiki Mitsala;Marios Petsios;Antonio Orlando
  • 通讯作者:
    Antonio Orlando
SOME SPECTRAL PROBLEMS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS A Dissertation by NGOC THANH DO Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
数学物理学中的一些光谱问题 NGOC THANH DO 提交给德克萨斯州研究生和专业研究办公室的论文
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    P. Kuchment;A. Abanov;G. Berkolaiko;Joseph Ward;E. Straube;P. Hoang;F. Sottile;I. Simonenko
  • 通讯作者:
    I. Simonenko
24. What outcomes should be measured in reconstructive breast surgery? The BRAVO (Breast Reconstruction and Valid Outcomes) Study
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.ejso.2015.03.025
  • 发表时间:
    2015-06-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Shelley Potter;Chris Holcombe;Joseph Ward;Rhiannon Macefield;Simon Cawthorn;Rob Warr;Sherif Wilson;Eva Weiler-Mithoff;Diana Harcourt;Paula Williamson;Sara Brookes;Jane Blazeby
  • 通讯作者:
    Jane Blazeby
Application of the virial theorem for improving eigenvalue calculations of multiparticle systems
应用维里定理改进多粒子系统的特征值计算
Raising the standards of outcome reporting in reconstructive breast surgery – Initial results of the BRAVO (Breast Reconstruction and Valid Outcomes) study, a multicentre consensus process to develop a core outcome set
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.ejso.2013.01.075
  • 发表时间:
    2013-05-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Shelley Potter;Joseph Ward;Simon Cawthorn;Christopher Holcombe;Rob Warr;Sherif Wilson;Rachel Tillett;Eva Weiler-Mithoff;Zoe Winters;Jane Barker;Caroline Oates;Diana Harcourt;Sara Brookes;Jane Blazeby
  • 通讯作者:
    Jane Blazeby

Joseph Ward的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Joseph Ward', 18)}}的其他基金

Why risk a referendum? Reassessing the politics of the referendum in the UK.
为什么要冒全民公投的风险?
  • 批准号:
    ES/Y007581/1
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
Localized Kernel Bases: Theory and Applications to Meshless Methods
本地化内核基础:无网格方法的理论和应用
  • 批准号:
    1514789
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Localized Kernel Bases with Application to Meshless Methods
应用于无网格方法的本地化内核库
  • 批准号:
    1211566
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Analysis and Synthesis of Scattered Data on Surfaces via Radial and Related Basis Functions
通过径向和相关基函数分析和综合表面上的散射数据
  • 批准号:
    0807033
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Scattered Data Analysis and Synthesis via Radial Basis Functions and Tight Spherical Frames
通过径向基函数和紧球面框架进行分散数据分析和综合
  • 批准号:
    0504353
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
New Directions in Scattered Data Analysis via Radial and Related Basis Functions with Applications
通过径向和相关基函数进行分散数据分析的新方向及其应用
  • 批准号:
    0204449
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Approximations of Functions from Scattered Data: Theory and Applications
分散数据的函数逼近:理论与应用
  • 批准号:
    9971276
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.63万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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基于lc-excess平衡法的黄土高原区域尺度地下水补给机理研究
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The impact of changes in social determinants of health on adolescent and young adult mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of the Asenze cohort in South Africa
COVID-19 大流行期间健康社会决定因素的变化对青少年和年轻人心理健康的影响:南非 Asenze 队列的纵向研究
  • 批准号:
    10755168
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Leveraging Data Science Applications to Improve Children's Environmental Health in Sub-Saharan Africa (DICE)
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Phentermine/Topiramate in children, adolescents, and young adults with hypothalamic obesity: a pilot and feasibility study
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    10732957
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来自不同数据源的贝叶斯死亡率估计
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High vs Low Glycemic Index Mixed Meal Tolerance Test in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis
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Alveolar responses to viral lung infection
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