Deconstructing food parenting approaches to obesity prevention for the highly food motivated child

项目总结 幼儿中高水平的食物动机是可遗传的，随着时间的推移，并与 增加了不健康饮食和肥胖的风险。尽管以家庭为基础的肥胖预防显著增长 经过努力，在养育高度食物动机的儿童预防肥胖方面，证据基础明显不足。 以及糟糕的饮食结果。改变“一刀切”的食品育儿方式的必要性是 对于来自种族和少数民族家庭的低收入家庭的孩子来说尤其明显 在食物养育和以家庭为基础的预防中，肥胖症的差异更大 文献，对那些迄今预防努力成效有限的人。我们的目标是生成一个 强有力的基础科学证据表明，养育高度食物动机的儿童可以防止过度 学龄前几年种族/民族的膳食摄入量和体重指数(BMI)增加 低收入的少数族裔家庭。采用前瞻性队列设计，我们建议跟踪450名西班牙裔 以及三个时间点的低收入黑人照顾者/儿童二人组，因为孩子们从学龄前过渡到 在小学，当相当多的儿童开始经历糟糕的饮食质量和 肥胖。我们将招募具有不同食物动机的儿童，以了解是否有高度的食物动机 孩子们有不同于其他孩子的需要。我们提出了一种使用最先进技术的多方法方法 包括生态即时评估在内的措施，全面排查数量、类型、 以及预防食物所需的食品养育做法(即特定的、以目标为导向的行为)的一致性 儿童的动机行为、过多的饮食摄入和BMI增加。具体来说，我们建议 全面评估结构的作用(即理论上的支持)及其与更多 强制性的食品育儿控制。目标1将描述多维饮食行为特征和 通过与观察到的食物动机行为、过量饮食摄入量、 目标2将评估食物父母结构的数量、类型(S)和一致性 需要防止食物动机行为、饮食摄入量过多和高度食物中的BMI增加 目标3将评估结构化食物育儿做法是否比其他2岁以上的孩子更有动力 在涉及高度控制的喂养或喂养方式的全球方法的背景下有益 (例如，威权)与更平衡的风格(即，权威)。这些发现将产生一门基础科学 基于目前尚不存在的针对高食物动机儿童的食物养育方法的证据，2) 为以家庭为基础的预防工作提供更大的针对性，以及3)通过以下方式支持预防方面的公平 代表那些经历了更大差距的人群，在研究中代表的人数不足，以及 预防工作收效甚微。

PROJECT SUMMARY High levels of food motivation among young children are heritable, track over time, and associated with elevated risks of unhealthy eating and obesity. Despite significant growth of family-based obesity prevention efforts, the evidence base is remarkably scant on parenting highly food motivated children to prevent obesity and poor dietary outcomes. The need to move away from a “one-size-fits-all” approach to food parenting is particularly pronounced for children from racial and ethnic minority families with low income that experience greater disparities in obesity, are underrepresented in the food parenting and family-based prevention literatures, and for whom prevention efforts have had limited success to date. Our goal is to generate a robust basic science evidence for parenting highly food motivated children to prevent excessive dietary intakes and body mass index (BMI) gains during the preschool years among racial/ethnic minority families with low incomes. Using a prospective cohort design, we propose to follow 450 Hispanic and Black caregiver/child dyads with low incomes at three time points as children transition from preschool to elementary school, when significant numbers of children begin to experience problems of poor diet quality and obesity. We will recruit children with varying food motivation to understand whether highly food motivated children have different needs than other children. We propose a multi-method approach using state-of-the-art measures, including ecological momentary assessment, to comprehensively investigate the amount, types, and consistency of food parenting practices (i.e., specific, goal-oriented behaviors) needed to prevent food motivated behaviors, excessive dietary intake, and BMI gains in children. Specifically, we propose to comprehensively evaluate the role of structure (i.e., theoretically supportive) and its differentiation from more coercive types of food parenting control. Aim 1 will characterize multi-dimensional eating behavior profiles and obtain evidence of validity via associations with observed food motivated behaviors, excessive dietary intakes, and BMI gains over 2 y. Aim 2 will evaluate the amount, type(s), and consistency of food parenting structure needed to prevent food motivated behaviors, excessive dietary intakes, and BMI gains among highly food motivated vs. other children over 2 y. Aim 3 will evaluate whether structured food parenting practices are more beneficial in the context of global approaches to feeding or feeding styles that involve high levels of control (i.e., authoritarian) vs. more balanced styles (i.e., authoritative). Findings will 1) generate a basic science evidence base on food parenting approaches for highly food motivated children that currently does not exist, 2) provide greater specificity for family-based prevention efforts, and 3) support equity in prevention by representing populations who experience greater disparities, are underrepresented in research, and for whom prevention efforts have had limited success.