ABOLISHING INCREASES IN INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

消除绝经后女性胰岛素敏感性的增加

• 批准号: 6263701
• 负责人: KATARINA T BORER
• 金额: $ 0.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-01 至 1999-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6263701
• 关键词: adipose tissue; aging; clinical research; coronary disorder; disease /disorder proneness /risk; exercise; hormone biosynthesis; human subject; hypertension; insulin sensitivity /resistance; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; postmenopause; women's health

Inactivity and excessive and inappropriate caloric intake stimulate development of visceral obesity that is associated with increased risks of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease (CHD). Both exercise and dietary restriction have been successfully used as a means of body fat loss. In addition, exercise, with or without fat loss, can reduce risks of diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease but its effects have not been consistent. In particular, there is little consensus regarding the effects of exercise intensity on either body fat loss, insulin sensitivity, or risks of hypertension and CHD. Our premise is that if exercise is to be used effectively to prevent or reduce different health risks or to be used as a tool in mechanistic analyses of hormone action, a better understanding of dose-dependent effects of exercise intensity is needed. Our pilot study, initiated two years ago, focused on the question of whether exercise training at high walking intensities could increase basal pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion. This hypothesis was supported by our results (8,9), but in addition, we discovered that exercise intensity bears an inverse relationship to body fat loss (assessed by indirect, anthropometric methods), has an apparent diabetogenic effect (assessed with an indirect measure of insulin sensitivity), and is associated with increased androgenic action (ratio of plasma testosterone to sex-hormone-binding globulin, SHBG). Since all three observed changes, the accumulation of visceral body fat (6,44), GH oversecretion, and increased androgenic index (47), either antagonize insulin action (GH oversecretion) or are accompanied by increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, and CHD (high androgenic index and increased postprandial insulin response), our results suggested that exercise intensity during 15 weeks of training had a deleterious effect on at least two risk factors: it was inhibitory to body fat loss and to peripheral sensitivity to insulin. These serendipitous observations redirected our interest from the role of exercise in alleviating somatopause, the exponential decline in spontaneous GH secretion with age, to the mechanism by which exercise intensity affects insulin resistance, hypertension and CHD in postmenopausal women.

无活动性和过度和不适当的热量摄入刺激内脏肥胖的发展，这与2型（非胰岛素依赖性）糖尿病，高血压和冠心病（CHD）的风险增加有关。 运动和饮食限制都已成功用作体内脂肪减少的手段。 此外，运动，无论有或没有脂肪流失，都可以降低糖尿病，高血压和冠状动脉疾病的风险，但其作用并不一致。 特别是，关于运动强度对身体脂肪降低，胰岛素敏感性或高血压和冠心病风险的影响几乎没有共识。 我们的前提是，如果要有效地使用运动来预防或降低不同的健康风险或用作激素作用机械分析的工具，则需要更好地了解运动强度的剂量依赖性效果。 我们两年前发起的试点研究的重点是在高步行强度下进行运动训练是否会增加基础脉动生长激素（GH）分泌的问题。 我们的结果得到了支持（8,9），但此外，我们发现运动强度与体内脂肪的流失有反比关系（通过间接，人体测量方法评估）具有糖尿病的作用，具有明显SHBG）。 由于所有三个观察到的变化，因此内脏体内脂肪的积累（6,44），GH分泌过度和雄激素指数增加（47）（47），可以拮抗胰岛素作用（GH分泌）（GH过度分泌），或伴随着糖尿病的风险，或增加了糖尿病的风险，高超高，高过度和雄激素后的良好型雄激素和良好的良好态度效果，我们的雌激素效果增加了，我们的源自媒体胰岛素的胰岛素是胰岛素的影响，我们的胰岛素胰岛素的效果增加了，以下是我们的胰岛素胰岛素，而胰岛素的胰岛素是胰岛素的疾病，以下是胰岛素的胰岛素，以下是胰岛素的胰岛素，这是对胰岛素的培训。至少有两个危险因素：抑制了体内脂肪减少和对胰岛素的周围敏感性。 这些偶然的观察结果将我们的兴趣从运动中的作用，自发性GH分泌随年龄的指数下降，运动强度影响到绝经后妇女的胰岛素耐药性，高血压和CHD的机制。