E-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study age-30 follow-up: a unique resource for studying mental health, adversity & prosperity over the first 3 decades of life

背景：20多岁是个人传统上完全独立于父母、完成教育、进入劳动力/住房市场并发展稳定关系的重要发展时期。个人如何度过这一早期成年期将决定他们在中年的健康、幸福和经济繁荣。不幸的是，20多岁也是精神健康问题的高峰期，这可能会破坏这些关键的发展任务。英国退欧、新冠肺炎大流行和向净零未来过渡的三重冲击导致了重大的社会变化和经济不稳定-我们不知道这将如何影响年轻人的心理健康和前景，也不知道是什么会影响他们的兴旺发达。因此，我们建议对20多岁的年轻人进行评估，以捕捉可能影响这些不同结果的因素，以便研究人员和从业者能够探索如何最好地支持最脆弱的年轻人在这个前所未有的时代茁壮成长，并最终影响政策。AIMS：这次基础设施资金竞标旨在从环境风险(E-Risk)纵向双胞胎研究的孪生参与者30岁时收集新数据。然后，我们将利用E-Risk纵向双胞胎研究，该队列包括1994-1995年出生于英格兰和威尔士的2232对双胞胎，他们在5、7、10、12和18岁(当时看到了93%的双胞胎)完成了广泛的家访评估(包括心理健康、社会经历、剥夺、教育程度和提供的生物样本)。这一队列是独一无二的，因为研究成员分布在贫困(n=900)、小康(n=700)和较富裕(n=600)家庭中，使研究人员能够比较这些群体的结果。对于这个项目，我们建议在2024-2025年收集这对双胞胎30岁时的新数据。这将涉及由训练有素的研究人员通过Zoom对心理健康、不利的生活经历、人力资本建设行为、社会和经济结果以及潜在的保护因素进行远程评估。我们将通过一种由有精神健康问题亲身经历的年轻人开发的工具来捕捉他们的生活质量以及对未来和社会流动性的期望。一名护士将在家中拜访参与者以收集血液样本，我们将把数据与他们的健康、福利、教育、犯罪、社交媒体和地理记录联系起来。这一更新后的数据集将向英国和全球的研究人员免费提供和广泛访问。我们将通过网络研讨会、期刊论文和网站宣传这一资源，并制作培训视频来支持研究人员访问和使用这些数据。此外，我们的青年顾问将利用E-Risk数据集为研究人员提供一个优先回答的问题列表。BENEFITS：该项目将为研究人员提供一个独特的资源，以进行遗传知情调查，调查心理健康问题、生物因素、社会不平等和逆境在前20年的生活形态变化、衰老速度、人际关系/联系、信任、未来期望/抱负以及第三个十年的繁荣。这样的研究将提供重要的见解，了解在这个社会和经济动荡的时期，哪些因素导致年轻人步履蹒跚或取得成功。这些见解对于为政策、实践和社会反应提供信息，以支持年轻人在这个前所未有的时代蓬勃发展至关重要。增加中年精神健康和社会流动性强的年轻人的数量最终可能会提振英国经济，减轻英国国民健康保险制度的压力。

CONTEXT: The twenties are an important developmental period in which individuals traditionally become fully independent of their parents, complete their education, enter the workforce/housing-market, and develop stable relationships. How individuals navigate this early adulthood period will determine their health, well-being, and economic prosperity in mid-life. Unfortunately, the twenties are also the peak age for mental health problems, which can derail these key developmental tasks. The triple shocks of Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the transition to a Net Zero future have resulted in major societal changes and economic instability - we do not know how this will affect the mental health and prospects of young adults nor what will influence whether they falter or prosper. Therefore, we propose to assess young adults at the end of their twenties to capture the factors that may influence these different outcomes so that researchers and practitioners can explore how best to support the most vulnerable young adults to thrive in these unprecedented times, and ultimately influence policy.AIMS: This infrastructure funding bid aims to collect new data from twin participants of the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study when they are 30 years old. The three decades worth of comprehensive clinical-quality data, genetic and biological stress markers, and linked administrative records will then be made freely and widely accessible to the research community.METHOD: We will capitalise upon the E-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2232 twins born in England and Wales in 1994-1995 who have completed extensive home-visit assessments (including on mental health, social experiences, deprivation, educational attainment, and provided biological samples) at 5, 7, 10, 12 and 18 years of age (when 93% of the twins were seen). This cohort is unique as study members are spread among poor (n=900), comfortably-off (n=700), and wealthier (n=600) families, allowing researchers to compare the outcomes of these groups. For this project we propose to collect new data on the twins when they are 30 years old in 2024-2025. This will involve remote assessments by trained researchers over Zoom on mental health, adverse life experiences, human-capital-building behaviours, social and economic outcomes, and potential protective factors. We will capture their quality of life and expectations about the future and social mobility via a tool developed by young adults with lived experience of mental health issues. A nurse will visit participants at home to collect a blood sample, and we will link data to their health, welfare, education, crime, social media, and geographical records. This updated dataset will be made freely available and widely accessible to researchers across the UK and globally. We will publicise this resource through webinars, journal papers, and websites, and create training videos to support researchers to access and use this data. Additionally, our young-adult advisors will produce a priority list of questions for researchers to answer with the E-Risk dataset.BENEFITS: This project will provide a unique resource for researchers to conduct genetically informed investigations of how mental health problems, biological factors, social inequality and adversity in the first two decades of life shape variation in mental health, pace of aging, relationships/connectedness, trust, future expectations/aspirations, and prosperity in the third decade of life. Such research will provide important insights into which factors lead to young adults faltering or prospering in this period of social and economic turmoil. These insights are crucial to inform policy, practice, and societal responses to support young adults to thrive in these unprecedented times. Increasing the number of young adults who are mentally healthy and socially mobile in mid-life could ultimately boost the UK economy and reduce strain on the NHS.