The genetic control and the phenotypic response of major life-history traits of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans under environmental stress.

环境胁迫下线虫主要生活史性状的遗传控制和表型响应。

• 批准号: NE/F016964/1
• 负责人: Mark Viney
• 金额: $ 61.14万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF016964%2F1
• 关键词: genetic; control; phenotypic; response; major

All organisms live in environments that vary. Environments vary in very many ways, such as how much food there is available and the temperature. Some of this variation may be predictable, such as temperature because of seasons. Other aspects are less predictable, such as food availability which may depend on how many other individuals are eating it. Organisms have therefore evolved ways to maximise their survival and reproduction in such changing environments. For one soil-dwelling nematode worm (called Caenorhabditis elegans) we have investigated how it arrests its development as an immature larva and how it alters its reproduction when the environment changes. Studying laboratory strains of this species, we have found that worms differ in how they alter their larval arrest and reproduction when the environment changes. We think that these differences between worms from different parts of the world occur because they have evolved in different environments and that these different responses are best for these different environments. These responses to changes in the environment are controlled by genes and we have discovered the 10 regions of the genome that control this. In summary, this previous work has shown how larval arrest and adult reproduction can be affected by environmental change; that these changes differ between different worm strains and that these responses to environmental change are controlled by relatively few regions of the genome. We now want to test these findings further. In particular, we want to see whether strains of Caenorhabditis elegans recently taken from the wild, respond in the same way to environmental change and whether these responses can be altered by artificial selection. We also will investigate further the 10 regions of the genome to try and identify the particular genes that control these environmental responses. The reason for doing this is to work out if our ideas for how and why we think Caenorhabditis elegans responds to environmental change in these ways are correct. This work is therefore seeking to deeply understand how one well studied species responds to environmental change and the genes that control this. This work is important because environmental change is a common feature of the life of all organisms. Understanding this relationship in great detail for one species will help us to develop our understanding of the general principles that apply to other organisms. Understanding this has some urgency because the environment of many organisms is changing, largely due to changes brought about by human activity.

所有生物都生活在不同的环境中。环境在很多方面都不同，比如有多少食物和温度。其中一些变化可能是可预测的，例如季节造成的温度变化。其他方面则不太容易预测，例如食物的可获得性可能取决于有多少其他个体正在食用它。因此，生物体已经进化出在这种不断变化的环境中最大限度地生存和繁殖的方法。对于一种土栖线虫（称为秀丽隐杆线虫），我们已经研究了它如何阻止其发育为未成熟的幼虫，以及当环境变化时如何改变其繁殖。通过研究该物种的实验室菌株，我们发现蠕虫在环境变化时如何改变其幼虫捕获和繁殖方面有所不同。我们认为，来自世界不同地区的蠕虫之间的这些差异是因为它们在不同的环境中进化，这些不同的反应最适合这些不同的环境。这些对环境变化的反应是由基因控制的，我们已经发现了控制这种反应的基因组的10个区域。总之，以前的工作已经表明，幼虫的逮捕和成年人的繁殖如何受到环境变化的影响;这些变化在不同的蠕虫菌株之间存在差异，这些对环境变化的反应是由相对较少的基因组区域控制的。我们现在想进一步检验这些发现。特别是，我们想看看最近从野外采集的秀丽隐杆线虫菌株是否以同样的方式对环境变化做出反应，以及这些反应是否可以通过人工选择来改变。我们还将进一步研究基因组的10个区域，以试图确定控制这些环境反应的特定基因。这样做的原因是为了弄清楚我们关于秀丽隐杆线虫如何以及为什么以这些方式响应环境变化的想法是否正确。因此，这项工作旨在深入了解一个经过充分研究的物种如何应对环境变化以及控制这种变化的基因。这项工作很重要，因为环境变化是所有生物生命的共同特征。详细了解一个物种的这种关系将有助于我们理解适用于其他生物的一般原则。了解这一点具有一定的紧迫性，因为许多生物的环境正在发生变化，主要是由于人类活动带来的变化。

项目成果

Diverse and potentially manipulative signalling with ascarosides in the model nematode C. elegans.

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-46
• 发表时间: 2014-03-11
• 期刊: BMC evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Diaz SA;Brunet V;Lloyd-Jones GC;Spinner W;Wharam B;Viney M
• 通讯作者: Viney M

Phenotypic plasticity in nematodes: Evolutionary and ecological significance.

• DOI: 10.4161/worm.21086
• 发表时间: 2012-04-01
• 期刊: Worm
• 作者: Viney M;Diaz A
• 通讯作者: Diaz A

Pheromone modulates two phenotypically plastic traits - adult reproduction and larval diapause - in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

信息素在线虫秀丽隐杆线虫中调节两个表型塑性性状 - 成人繁殖和幼虫滞育。

• DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1033-9
• 发表时间: 2017-08-22
• 期刊: BMC evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Wharam B;Weldon L;Viney M
• 通讯作者: Viney M

Genotypic-specific variance in Caenorhabditis elegans lifetime fecundity.

• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1057
• 发表时间: 2014-06
• 期刊: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Diaz, S. Anaid;Viney, Mark
• 通讯作者: Viney, Mark

The evolution of plasticity of dauer larva developmental arrest in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1436
• 发表时间: 2015-03
• 期刊: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Diaz, S. Anaid;Viney, Mark
• 通讯作者: Viney, Mark