AUDITORY TEMPORAL PROCESSES, SPEECH PERCEPTION AND AGING

听觉时间过程、言语感知和衰老

• 批准号: 6124080
• 负责人: Sandra M Gordon-Salant
• 金额: $ 21.04万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-15 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6124080
• 关键词: aging; audiometry; auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hearing; human subject; psychoacoustics; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION: The project proposes a program of studies in speech perception and auditory psychophysics to examine the hypothesis that many of the predominant difficulties in speech understanding for elderly listeners are related to underlying problems in auditory temporal processing. Research indicates that elderly listeners have particular problems recognizing speech that is degraded by alteration of speaking rate and/or reverberation, with rapid speech eliciting the strongest age-related processing deficits. The listeners' difficulty in understanding temporally-altered speech may be attributed to deficits in peripheral sensory mechanisms, centrally mediated timing mechanisms, and age-related changes in cognitive function. The project investigates the relative contributions of peripheral hearing impairment, degree of stimulus temporal complexity, and altered cognitive demands on auditory processing using rate-altered speech and non-speech stimulus sequences. The project comprises four stages of investigation, each consisting of a series of speech recognition experiments and psychoacoustic temporal discrimination and identification tasks. Stage 1 (mos. 1-18) investigates the principal temporal factors contributing to processing deficits associated with rate-altered speech sentences and non-speech sequential patterns. Stage 2 (mos. 13-36) examines the effects of varying stimulus temporal complexity and rate alteration on recognition and discrimination of speech and non-speech sequential sequences. Stage 3 (mos. 30-48) evaluates the effects of time alteration on enhancement of speech recognition and recall of speech and non-speech stimulus sequences. Stage 4 (mos. 49-60) examines the benefits of time-alteration enhancement techniques for recognition of speech and non-speech sequences of varying rhythmic complexity. For each stage of the investigation, the independent effects of cognitive demands, subject age, and hearing loss on listener performance will be examined. Subjects in the project will include young and elderly listeners with normal hearing and matched degrees of sensorineural hearing loss. All subjects will be examined as well on educational background, physical and mental health and otologic history.

描述：该项目提出了语音知觉研究计划 和听觉心理物理学，以研究许多假设 老年听众的语音理解中的主要困难是 与听觉时间处理中的潜在问题有关。 研究 表明老年听众在识别语音方面有特殊的问题 这是由于说话速度和/或混响的改变而降低的， 快速的语音引起与年龄相关的处理缺陷。 这 听众在理解暂时性的演讲方面的困难可能是 归因于外围感觉机制缺陷，中央介导 定时机制和与年龄相关的认知功能变化。 这 项目调查外围听力的相对贡献 损害，刺激时间复杂程度和认知改变 使用改变速率的语音和非语音的听觉处理的需求 刺激序列。 该项目包括调查的四个阶段， 每个由一系列语音识别实验和 心理声学时间歧视和识别任务。 阶段1 （MOS。1-18）研究了主要的时间因素 处理与改变速率的语音句子相关的处理赤字和 非语音顺序模式。 阶段2（MOS。13-36）检查了效果 不同的刺激时间复杂性和识别率改变的速率 语音和非语音顺序序列的歧视。 阶段3 （MOS。30-48）评估时间改变对增强的影响 语音识别和语音和非语音刺激序列的回忆。 第4阶段（MOS。49-60）检查了时间改变的好处 识别语音和非语音序列的技术 有节奏的复杂性。 对于调查的每个阶段，独立 认知需求，主题年龄和听力损失对听众的影响 将检查性能。 项目中的主题将包括年轻 以及正常听力和匹配程度的老年听众 感官听力损失。 所有主题也将在 教育背景，身心健康和耳科历史。