Auditory Temporal Processing

听觉时间处理

基本信息

批准号：
10198727
负责人：
Sandra M Gordon-Salant
金额：
$ 39.56万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-15 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10198727
关键词：
Acoustic Nerve Acoustics Adult Affect Aging Animal Model Animals Auditory Auditory system Behavioral Brain Brain Stem Characteristics Complex Cueing for speech Cues Data Deterioration Discrimination Elderly Electrophysiology (science)Event Frequencies Goals Hand Hearing Human Investigation Knowledge Lead Learning Life Measurement Measures Midbrain structure Neuronal Plasticity Outcome Perception Performance Peripheral Phase Physiologic pulse Program Research Project Grants Recovery Rehabilitation therapy Research Signal Transduction Speech Speech Perception Stimulus Techniques Testing Training age effect age related behavioral outcome experience experimental study ganglion cell hearing impairment human model improved innovation neuromechanism neurotransmission normal hearing novel processing speed relating to nervous system response spectral energy speech accuracy speech in noise spiral ganglion young adult

项目摘要

ABSTRACT: The detrimental effects of aging on auditory temporal processing have been well documented in humans and animal models. At present, there are gaps in knowledge of the extent to which these auditory tem- poral processing deficits can be mitigated in older adults with or without hearing loss through auditory training and neuroplasticity, to improve precision of neural timing and speech understanding. Our long-term goal is to determine the extent to which hearing deficits in older adults can be ameliorated with auditory training. We pro- pose an innovative approach to the investigation of aging, hearing, and neuroplasticity by marrying perceptual training experiments with electrophysiological measurements. The objectives are to compare young normal- hearing (YNH), older normal-hearing (ONH), and older hearing-impaired (OHI) adult listeners, and evaluate the improvements in perceptual and electrophysiological measures of temporal processing after explicit training on auditory temporal processing tasks. Our central hypothesis is that training of auditory temporal processing will produce concomitant improvements in both perceptual performance and neural encoding, which will close the gap in the age-related differences between groups. With strong preliminary data in hand, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: (1) Determine the extent to which perceptual training on temporal rate discrimination using simple non-speech stimuli improves perceptual and neural encoding in YNH, ONH, and OHI listeners; (2) Determine the extent to which perceptual training on speech cue discrimination in contrasting words differing in discrete temporal cues improves perceptual and neural encoding in YNH, ONH, and OHI lis- teners; and (3) Determine the extent to which perceptual training on the processing of sentences with increasing presentation rate can improve behavioral performance and neural encoding in YNH, ONH, and OHI listeners. The expected outcomes are that we will learn what perceptual training tasks lead to simultaneous improvements in perceptual and neural auditory temporal processing and the findings will produce a significant impact in older listeners who experience difficulty in communicating in daily life because they will lead directly to focused and novel forms of rehabilitation. This research is innovative because we will have established techniques that are proven to provide significant improvements in auditory temporal processing and speech perception, combined with evidence of improvements to neural encoding. These studies will serve the larger goals of the program project grant because they will help identify the neuroplastic mechanisms in the brain of humans that correspond to successful behavioral outcomes in younger and older adults

摘要：衰老对听觉时间处理的有害影响已得到充分记录人类和动物模型。目前，了解这些听觉温度的程度存在差距在有或没有听觉训练的情况下，可以减轻或没有听力损失的老年人，可以减轻孔隙处理缺陷和神经可塑性，以提高神经时间和语音理解的精度。我们的长期目标是确定通过听觉训练可以改善老年人的听力缺陷程度。我们支持通过结婚，为对衰老，听力和神经塑性的调查构成创新的方法电生理测量的训练实验。目标是比较年轻的正常听力（YNH），较旧的正常听觉（ONH）和较旧的听力受损（OHI）成人听众，并评估明确培训后，改善了时间处理的感知和电生理测量听觉时间处理任务。我们的中心假设是对听觉时间处理的培训将在感知性能和神经编码中都会伴随着伴随的改进，这将关闭组之间与年龄相关的差异的差距。掌握了强大的初步数据，中央假设将通过追求三个具体目标来测试：（1）确定有关时间的感知培训的程度使用简单的非语音刺激的比率歧视可以改善YNH，ONH和哦，听众；（2）确定对比中语音提示歧视的感知培训的程度离散时间提示不同的单词可以改善YNH，ONH和OHI LIS-的感知和神经编码老师（3）确定对句子处理的感知培训的程度随之增加演示率可以改善YNH，ONH和OHI听众的行为表现和神经编码。预期的结果是，我们将了解哪些感知培训任务同时改进在感知和神经听觉的时间处理中，这些发现将对较旧的人产生重大影响在日常生活中遇到困难的听众，因为他们将直接导致专注和新型康复形式。这项研究具有创新性，因为我们将建立的技术被证明可以在听觉时间处理和语音感知方面有重大改进有改进神经编码的证据。这些研究将实现该计划的更大目标项目赠款是因为它们将有助于确定人类大脑中的神经塑性机制在年轻和老年人中成功的行为结果