Drought Impacts: Vulnerability thresholds in monitoring and Early-warning Research

干旱影响：监测和预警研究中的脆弱性阈值

• 批准号: NE/L010038/1
• 负责人: Jamie Hannaford
• 金额: $ 30.88万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL010038%2F1
• 关键词: Drought; Impacts; Vulnerability; thresholds; monitoring

Drought events pose a threat to water security in virtually every climate zone and to every water use sector. Although little can be done in the short term to prevent a drought, actions can be taken to reduce the vulnerability of society to the event, including the development of drought monitoring and early warning (M&EW) systems. There have been few attempts to assess how relevant widely-used physical indicators are for capturing drought severity in a way that reflects the complexity of inter-related human and environmental causes, effects and impacts, and such impacts have not been adequately incorporated into existing drought M&EW systems. This project seeks to fill this gap by improving the conceptual and methodological link between natural (hydrometeorological) drought characterisation and environmental and socio-economic impacts, in order to inform the development of enhanced drought M&EW systems and other risk management strategies. An innovative methodological approach will combine the use of hydro-meteorological and socio-economic data, including impact reports, alongside social learning approaches designed to incorporate stakeholders' views and experiences of drought. The team will use existing datasets of drought indices typically incorporated in monitoring systems, but also extensive, yet under-utilized, databases on drought impacts (US Drought Reporter, EU project DROUGHT R&SPI database). In a series of workshops with water suppliers and other stakeholders, the applicability of M&EW systems will be explored in strategy games and the results will feed back into analysis and design. This approach will support the iterative development of novel approaches for targeted M&EW for the case study sector of public water supply. The direct involvement of some partners in operational drought monitoring and robust assessment of the potentials and opportunities under different prerequisites will guarantee the project's impact and thus help move towards the goal of developing new practices enabling communities to build capacity for resilience to drought.

干旱事件对几乎每一个气候带和每一个用水部门的水安全都构成威胁。虽然短期内在预防干旱方面做不了什么，但可以采取行动减少社会对干旱的脆弱性，包括发展干旱监测和预警系统。很少有人试图评估广泛使用的物理指标对反映干旱严重程度的相关性，以反映相互关联的人类和环境原因、后果和影响的复杂性，而且这些影响没有充分纳入现有的干旱监测和预警系统。该项目旨在通过改进自然（水文气象）干旱特征描述与环境和社会经济影响之间的概念和方法联系来填补这一空白，以便为加强干旱监测和预警系统和其他风险管理战略的发展提供信息。一种创新的方法将联合收割机使用水文气象和社会经济数据，包括影响报告，以及旨在纳入利益攸关方对干旱的看法和经验的社会学习方法。该小组将使用通常纳入监测系统的现有干旱指数数据集，但也使用广泛但未充分利用的干旱影响数据库（美国干旱报告员、欧盟项目DROUGHT R&SPI数据库）。在与供水商和其他利益攸关方举行的一系列研讨会上，将在战略游戏中探讨监测和预警系统的适用性，并将结果反馈到分析和设计中。这种方法将支持迭代开发新的方法，有针对性的M&EW的案例研究部门的公共供水。一些合作伙伴直接参与干旱监测业务和对不同先决条件下的潜力和机会的有力评估，将保证项目的影响，从而有助于实现制定新做法的目标，使社区能够建设抗旱能力。

项目成果

Linking drought indicators with impacts: Insights from a case study in Germany and the UK

将干旱指标与影响联系起来：德国和英国案例研究的见解

• 期刊: 6th EGU Leonardo Conference HYPER Droughts. Prague, 13 - 14 November 2014
• 作者: Bachmair S

A quantitative analysis to objectively appraise drought indicators and model drought impacts

• DOI: 10.5194/hess-20-2589-2016
• 发表时间: 2015-09
• 期刊: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: S. Bachmair;C. Svensson;J. Hannaford;L. Barker;K. Stahl

Drought impact functions as intermediate step towards drought damage assessment

干旱影响是干旱损害评估的中间步骤

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: []

Developing drought impact functions for drought risk management

• DOI: 10.5194/nhess-17-1947-2017
• 发表时间: 2017-11-16
• 期刊: NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Bachmair, Sophie;Svensson, Cecilia;Stahl, Kerstin
• 通讯作者: Stahl, Kerstin

Developing drought impact functions to advance monitoring and early warning

开发干旱影响功能以推进监测和预警

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Bachmair, S.