Effects of air pollution on cardiopulmonary disease in urban and peri-urban residents in Beijing

空气污染对北京市城区及城郊居民心肺疾病的影响

• 批准号: NE/N007018/1
• 负责人: Frank Kelly
• 金额: $ 62.46万
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN007018%2F1
• 关键词: Effects; air; pollution; cardiopulmonary; disease

In the last few decades China's rising energy requirements have led to increased air pollution emissions from coal-fired power plants. Its motorized transport growth is the fastest in the world with the number of motor vehicles projected to quadruple in the next two decades, reaching over 380 million by 2030. Meanwhile, nearly half of all Chinese still cook and heat their homes with highly polluting biomass and coal fuels. The resulting particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the majority of Chinese cities routinely exceed the World Health Organization's (WHO) annual Air Quality Guideline of 10 microgrammes/m3 by a factor of 10 or more. Epidemiologic studies undertaken in China increasingly confirm links between poor air quality and a range of health risks previously observed in the West. Moreover, they confirm that the number of Chinese that are vulnerable to air pollution is increasing, as evidenced by a large and growing burden of disease from chronic non-communicable diseases - such as ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cancer. Research to enhance the understanding of the impact of environmental exposures on human health is needed to influence both government policy on pollution and also individual behaviours. The outcomes of the research described in this proposal will extend our understanding of the impact of air pollution on human health to a megacity in the world's largest country and promote evidence-based policies that in turn may greatly improve the health and quality of life of China's ageing population - both of which are important sustainable development aims.Working closely with Chinese scientists we will recruit a panel of 240 subjects from urban and peri-urban Beijing. Subjects will be recruited from two existing populations cohorts (PRC-USA and INTERMAP) ensuring a rich source of baseline data and stored samples for access. Across the project period we will obtain detailed information on the current health status of the subjects, details of the personal exposure to air pollution and biosamples for biomarker analysis. The UK has been at the heart of the scientific study of air pollution issues over many decades, whereas such scientific studies are much newer in China. Although the Chinese teams have developed a high level of expertise in some areas, the UK team will provide strong complementary expertise, in particular in personal exposure air pollution measurements and biomarker analysis. Inherent throughout however is the synergistic combination of Chinese expertise and capability, complementary UK air quality instrumentation and health expertise. Therefore, this project will serve as a new platform to further enhance the research capacity of the Chinese teams in air pollution and its impact on health, which will leave a legacy beyond the project lifetime, thus contributing to the continuous improvement of life and welfare of more than a billion people.

在过去的几十年里，中国不断增长的能源需求导致燃煤电厂的空气污染排放量增加。中国的机动交通增长是世界上最快的，预计未来20年机动车辆数量将翻两番，到2030年将超过3.8亿辆。与此同时，近一半的中国人仍在用高污染的生物质和煤炭燃料做饭和取暖。中国大多数城市的颗粒物（PM）浓度经常超过世界卫生组织（WHO）的年度空气质量指南（10微克/立方米）的10倍或更多。在中国开展的流行病学研究越来越多地证实了空气质量差与此前在西方观察到的一系列健康风险之间的联系。此外，他们证实，易受空气污染影响的中国人数量正在增加，慢性非传染性疾病（如缺血性心脏病（IHD）、脑血管疾病、慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）和癌症）造成的疾病负担越来越大，这证明了这一点。需要进行研究，增进对环境暴露对人类健康的影响的了解，以影响政府的污染政策和个人行为。本提案中描述的研究成果将把我们对空气污染对人类健康影响的理解扩展到世界上最大的国家的一个特大城市，并促进基于证据的政策，从而可能大大改善中国老龄化人口的健康和生活质量——这两者都是重要的可持续发展目标。我们将与中国科学家密切合作，从北京市区和城郊招募240名受试者。受试者将从两个现有人群队列（中华人民共和国-美国和INTERMAP）中招募，以确保基线数据和存储样本的丰富来源。在整个项目期间，我们将获得有关受试者当前健康状况的详细信息，个人暴露于空气污染的详细信息以及用于生物标志物分析的生物样本。几十年来，英国一直处于空气污染问题科学研究的中心，而这类科学研究在中国要晚得多。虽然中国团队在某些领域已经发展出高水平的专业知识，但英国团队将提供强大的补充专业知识，特别是在个人暴露空气污染测量和生物标志物分析方面。然而，中国的专业知识和能力与英国互补的空气质量仪器和卫生专业知识的协同结合贯穿始终。因此，该项目将作为一个新的平台，进一步提高中国团队在空气污染及其对健康影响方面的研究能力，这将在项目生命周期之外留下遗产，从而为持续改善10多亿人的生活和福祉做出贡献。

项目成果

Nature Sustainability

自然可持续性

• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Household transitions to clean energy in a multiprovincial cohort study in China
• 作者: Carter Ellison

Characterising low-cost sensors in highly portable platforms to quantify personal exposure in diverse environments

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-4643-2019
• 发表时间: 2019-08-30
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Chatzidiakou, Lia;Krause, Anika;Jones, Roderic L.
• 通讯作者: Jones, Roderic L.

Our change of Co-Editor-in-Chief and the journal's prospects

我们的联合主编的变动以及期刊的前景

• DOI: 10.1007/s11869-019-00761-1
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
• 作者: Chung Y