BIOmes of Brasil - Resilience, rEcovery, and Diversity: BIO-RED

巴西生物群落 - 恢复力、恢复力和多样性：BIO-RED

• 批准号: NE/N012542/1
• 负责人: Oliver Phillips
• 金额: $ 61.85万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN012542%2F1
• 关键词: BIOmes; Brasil; Resilience; rEcovery; Diversity

This proposal spans the three largest biomes in Brazil, the Atlantic and Amazon Forests, and Cerrado savanna. Together these cover >85% of Brazil's territory and include many of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, but all have seen large losses in extent. While the value of their vegetation is increasingly recognized it is unclear to what extent these systems can regenerate or resist the increasing environmental stressors associated with climate change, particularly heating & drying. The motivation of BIO-RED is to understand how these changes affect the ability of intact & regenerating ecosystems to deliver societal benefits. This requires addressing these key questions:(i) How resilient are old-growth & regenerating ecosystems to the key stressors expected from future environmental changes?(ii) Is the destruction a reversible process on time-scales relevant to human society? Thus, will vegetation recover to a similar state as the original and provide similar services?(iii) Will the increasingly hot climate affect the recovery of forests and will modified forests be more vulnerable to future environmental change than intact forests? Answering these questions is only possible with a sound understanding how these systems function and what their sensitivities are. To respond to this need, BIO-RED will apply a multi-scale approach to evaluate the relationships between functions, biodiversity, resilience and regeneration potential in Brazil's three largest biomes in the face of deforestation and climate change threats. Our objectives are to:(i) Determine the biome-wide relationships between target ecosystem functions and biodiversity based on data from the RAINFOR and associated vegetation census networks;(ii) Obtain a detailed mechanistic understanding of the link between biogeochemical cycling, plant nutrient use and species composition and diversity in primary and regenerating systems at the local scale in 3 study landscapes;(iii) Examine tree species' ecophysiological sensitivities to key climate-linked stressors - drought, heat & fire - via real-time monitoring of vegetation functioning and comprehensive trait assessments;(iv) Develop and apply a UAV ("drone")-based imaging spectroscopy platform to map canopy chemistry and functional diversity at tree, plot & landscape scales, and explore the relationships between ecosystem properties & functional diversity;(v) Establish the extent to which biome transitions are already occurring, including forest invasion into cerrado, using both permanent plots and satellite-based monitoring.(vi) Determine the ability of recovering ecosystems and ecosystem management to protect biodiversity & provide key ecosystem services in Brazilian biomes;BIO-RED builds on existing observational networks all led by PIs of this proposal: RAINFOR, GEM, ForestPlots.net (>500 old-growth forest plots), ECOFOR & BIOTA, and others contributed by Brazilian project partners. Most activities will be focused on 3 focal-landscapes, in W Pará (Amazon forest), E Mato Grosso (cerrado), & E São Paulo (Atlantic forest), each with a complex mosaic of old-growth & regenerating systems that is already well sampled by our plot infrastructure and so ideal for intensive work to probe processes & to scale-up via hyperspectral imaging. BIO-RED will improve understanding of the extent to which Brazilian forest & savanna are resisting climate extremes, the extent to which destruction is reversible, & the vulnerabilities of intact & modified vegetation to climate extremes. It will identify the factors that control resilience & recovery of biodiversity & provision of key ecosystem services to people. These will be used to inform ecosystem management & policy options such as REDD+, the Brazilian Forest Code, & Brazilian ecosystem recovery plans. We therefore expect to lay a stronger scientific basis for future regeneration & protection of these systems, and so to improve benefits for human society.

该提案涵盖了巴西，大西洋和亚马逊森林的三大生物群落以及塞拉多·萨凡纳。这些覆盖范围> 85％的巴西领土，其中包括地球上许多最潜水员的生态系统，但所有人都遭受了巨大的损失。尽管越来越多地认识到其植被的价值，但这些系统在多大程度上可以再生或抵抗与气候变化相关的环境压力增加，尤其是加热和干燥。生物红的动机是了解这些变化如何影响完整和再生生态系统提供社会利益的能力。这需要解决以下关键问题：（i）对未来环境变化所期望的关键压力源的旧增长和再生生态系统的韧性如何？这是，植被会恢复到与原始服务相似的状态吗？（iii）日益炎热的气候会影响森林的恢复，而修改后的森林比完整的森林更容易受到未来环境变化的影响？只有在理解这些系统的功能以及它们的敏感性方面，回答这些问题才有可能。为了满足这一需求，生物红将采用多尺度方法来评估巴西三个最大生物群落的功能，生物多样性，韧性和再生潜力之间的关系，面对森林砍伐和气候变化威胁。我们的目标是：（i）根据雨水和相关植被人口普查网络的数据确定目标生态系统功能与生物多样性之间的生物范围关系；（ii）获得对生物地球化学循环，植物营养用途的生物地球化学循环，植物营养用途的生物地球化学循环的详细机械理解，以及在3个研究中的植物养分和多样性的研究中的生物地球群体组成，并在3个研究中估算了II II II II II II II II II II II II（II II II）；通过实时监控植被功能和全面的特征评估，以进行关键的攀登压力源 - 干旱，热量和火灾 - （iv）基于无人机（“无人机”）的成像光谱平台，以地图盖式化学平台和在树木，情节和景观量表之间的关系和景观范围之间的关系，并探索了生态范围和功能多样性的范围；包括使用永久地块和基于卫星的监测包括森林入侵塞拉多。 ＆Biota以及其他由巴西项目合作伙伴贡献的其他人。大多数活动将集中在Wpará（亚马逊森林），E Mato Grosso（Cerrado）和ESãoPaulo（大西洋森林）中的3个焦点景观上，每个景观都具有旧增长和再生系统的复杂镶嵌物，这些系统已经通过我们的情节基础结构进行了很好的态度，可以通过构图进行了良好的刺激性，以通过整体工作来进行进一步的范围。生物红色将提高对巴西森林和稀树草原对极端气候的抵抗力，破坏性可逆的程度以及完整和修改的植被对极端气候的脆弱性的程度。它将确定控制生物多样性的弹性和恢复的因素，并向人们提供关键的生态系统服务。这些将用于告知生态系统管理和政策选择，例如REDD+，《巴西森林法典》和巴西生态系统恢复计划。因此，我们期望为这些系统的未来再生和保护提供更强大的科学基础，从而改善对人类社会的利益。

项目成果

Leaf traits of Cerrado trees vary according to season of leaf production

塞拉多树的叶子性状根据叶子生产季节的不同而变化

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1551173/v1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Araújo I

Pantropical modelling of canopy functional traits using Sentinel-2 remote sensing data

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112122
• 发表时间: 2021-01-01
• 期刊: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 13.5
• 作者: Aguirre-Gutierrez, Jesus;Rifal, Sami;Malhi, Yadvinder
• 通讯作者: Malhi, Yadvinder

A comprehensive framework for assessing the accuracy and uncertainty of global above-ground biomass maps

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2022.112917
• 发表时间: 2022-02-09
• 期刊: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 13.5
• 作者: Araza, Arnan;de Bruin, Sytze;Lucas, Richard
• 通讯作者: Lucas, Richard

21st Century drought-related fires counteract the decline of Amazon deforestation carbon emissions.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02771-y
• 发表时间: 2018-02-13
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Aragão LEOC;Anderson LO;Fonseca MG;Rosan TM;Vedovato LB;Wagner FH;Silva CVJ;Silva Junior CHL;Arai E;Aguiar AP;Barlow J;Berenguer E;Deeter MN;Domingues LG;Gatti L;Gloor M;Malhi Y;Marengo JA;Miller JB;Phillips OL;Saatchi S
• 通讯作者: Saatchi S

Functional susceptibility of tropical forests to climate change

• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01747-6
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Nature Ecology & Evolution
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: J. Aguirre‐Gutiérrez;E. Berenguer;Imma Oliveras Menor;D. Bauman;J. Corral-Rivas;M. G. Nava-Miranda