Methane, Ozone and the Carbon Budget for 1.5 degrees (MOC1.5)

甲烷、臭氧和 1.5 度碳预算 (MOC1.5)

• 批准号: NE/P014909/1
• 负责人: William Collins
• 金额: $ 13.76万
• 依托单位: University of Reading
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP014909%2F1
• 关键词: Methane; Ozone; Carbon; Budget; 1.5

It will be very challenging to keep global temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels, and even more so to achieve the ambition of restricting temperatures below a 1.5 degree increase. While restricting carbon dioxide emissions must form the central part of any strategy, reducing other greenhouse gases such as methane can play an important role. Reducing levels of methane can increase the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This happens in two ways. Decreasing methane will decrease surface temperatures reducing the carbon dioxide lost from soils and leaves (for carbon dioxide this is already accounted for, but for methane this has previously been neglected). Decreasing methane will decrease levels of ozone, a gas that is poisonous to plants (and people), and hence increase plant growth.This project will use computer models of the chemistry of the atmosphere, of vegetation growth, and of the carbon cycle to simulate the total climate impact (including the increased carbon uptake) of a realistic methane reduction scenario. This will give policymakers a better understand of the climate impacts of methane reduction and allow them to better judge the balance between carbon dioxide and methane mitigation measures in the total package of climate policy solutions.A useful co-benefit of this project will be to calculate the air quality benefits (to people and crops) of the methane mitigation.

要阻止全球气温比工业化前水平上升超过2摄氏度，实现将气温上升幅度控制在1.5摄氏度以下的雄心壮志，将是非常具有挑战性的。虽然限制二氧化碳排放必须成为任何战略的核心部分，但减少甲烷等其他温室气体可以发挥重要作用。降低甲烷水平可以增加大气中二氧化碳的清除。这以两种方式发生。减少甲烷将降低地表温度，减少从土壤和树叶中流失的二氧化碳(对于二氧化碳，这一点已经被考虑在内，但对于甲烷，这一点以前被忽视了)。减少甲烷将降低臭氧的水平，臭氧是一种对植物(和人类)有毒的气体，从而促进植物生长。该项目将使用大气化学、植被生长和碳循环的计算机模型来模拟真实的甲烷减少情景对整体气候的影响(包括增加的碳吸收)。这将使政策制定者更好地了解甲烷减排对气候的影响，并使他们能够更好地判断整个气候政策解决方案中二氧化碳和甲烷减排措施之间的平衡。该项目的一个有用的共同好处是计算甲烷减排对空气质量的好处(对人和作物)。

项目成果

Author Correction: Carbon budgets for 1.5 and 2 °C targets lowered by natural wetland and permafrost feedbacks

作者更正：自然湿地和永久冻土反馈降低了 1.5 和 2°C 目标的碳预算

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0247-9
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Comyn-Platt E

Increased importance of methane reduction for a 1.5 degree target

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aab89c
• 发表时间: 2018-05-01
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Collins, William J.;Webber, Christopher P.;Powell, Tom
• 通讯作者: Powell, Tom

Carbon budgets for 1.5 and 2 °C targets lowered by natural wetland and permafrost feedbacks

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0174-9
• 发表时间: 2018-08-01
• 期刊: NATURE GEOSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Comyn-Platt, Edward;Hayman, Garry;Sitch, Stephen
• 通讯作者: Sitch, Stephen

Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options

• DOI: 10.5194/esd-2020-24
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: Earth System Dynamics
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: G. Hayman;E. Comyn‐Platt;C. Huntingford;A. Harper;Tom Powell;P. Cox;William J. Collins;C. Webber;J. Lowe;S. Sitch;J. House;J. Doelman;D. V. van Vuuren;S. Chadburn;E. Burke;N. Gedney

Flexible parameter-sparse global temperature time profiles that stabilise at 1.5 and 2.0 °C

灵活的参数稀疏全局温度时间曲线，稳定在 1.5 和 2.0 °C

• DOI: 10.5194/esd-8-617-2017
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Earth System Dynamics
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Huntingford C