Development of an international research group in hyperspectral thermal remote sensing of volcanic processes and terrains

建立火山过程和地形高光谱热遥感国际研究小组

• 批准号: NE/R004935/1
• 负责人: Graham Ferrier
• 金额: $ 4.54万
• 依托单位: University of Hull
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR004935%2F1
• 关键词: Development; international; research; group; hyperspectral

This project will develop a new international collaboration between a UK-based research team, with expertise in both volcanic processes and Earth Observation Science, the Nordic Volcanological Centre at the University of Iceland (UoI) and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). The main goal is to establish the potential of thermal wavelength hyperspectral emissivity data to map volcanic surfaces and lava types, and advance our knowledge of the processes that influence the location, nature and severity of volcanic activity.Thermal wavelength hyperspectral data offers the potential to overcome the limitations of both traditional field-based mapping and current (spectral reflectance based) remote-sensing methods and provide a step-change in the range and quality of mineralogical, lithological and morphological datasets retrieved over volcanic terrains. Thermal hyperspectral data also has the potential to resolve key physical parameters and processes detectable at the surface, such as temperature and the type and concentration of gas emissions.The principal scientific aim of this project is to resolve the capability of thermal wavelength hyperspectral emissivity data to map volcanic surfaces and lava types. We also seek to place robust constraints on the movement of lava flows and how this can help with hazard mitigation. This project would enable the skills and experience of the UK and UoI research teams to be integrated and assist the development of spectral emissivity and thermal inertia mapping into robust, operational observational methodologies. The specific objectives of this project are to:1. Create a database of spectral emissivity and reflectance measurements from a representative range of volcanic samples and sites using laboratory and field-based measurements.2. Quantify the capability of an integrated spectral emissivity and reflectance dataset to resolve the diagnostic mineralogical information required to classify the key lithologies in volcanic terrains.3. Quantify the spatial variability in the effect of (i) surface roughness, (ii) compositional heterogeneity, (iii) grain size, (iv) topography, (v) downwelling longwave radiation and (vi) viewing angle on emissivity spectra received at-sensor from the sample-to-site-to-landscape scales at a variety of volcanic terrains.4. Resolve the optimum sampling, spectral and temporal resolutions and capabilities of thermal inertia mapping at a representative range of volcanic terrains.5. Integrate field and UAV hyperspectral thermal datasets with (i) the airborne hyperspectral datasets acquired over the field sites in Iceland by the NERC ARF and (ii) the recent acquisition of NERC ARF thermal wave range data over a number of volcanic study sites in Iceland. 6. Determine the optimum spatial and spectral resolutions for ground, airborne and satellite-based thermal hyperspectral instruments by retrieving the greatest amount of mineralogical and lithological analysis at the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio. This proposal provides an outstanding opportunity to integrate the research outputs from recent NERC funded research by the research team with significant investment by NERC in airborne and ground Earth Observation Instrumentation and data processing (Field Spectroscopy Facility; Airborne Research Facility & ARF-Data Analysis Node). This will develop a robust, operational methodology that will enable the remote mapping of lithological, mineralogical and petrological information of igneous rocks, at site-to-landscapes scales, that is not currently possible using remote sensing based approaches.The capabilities of the Imaging FTIR developed by Ferrier to acquire ultra-high spatial, spectral and temporal hyperspectral thermal waverange datasets from both the ground and a UAV will provide a means of accurately quantifying the capabilities of the OWL instrument to identify volcanic rocks compositions and structures.

该项目将在一个拥有火山过程和地球观测科学专门知识的英国研究小组、冰岛大学北欧火山学中心和丹麦和格陵兰地质调查局之间开展新的国际合作。主要目标是确定热波长高光谱发射率数据的潜力，以绘制火山表面和熔岩类型，并提高我们对影响位置的过程的了解，热波长高光谱数据提供了克服传统的基于实地的制图和当前的这是一种新的（基于光谱反射率的）遥感方法，并使在火山地形上检索的矿物学、岩性学和形态学数据集的范围和质量逐步改变。热高光谱数据还有可能解决在地表可探测到的关键物理参数和过程，如温度以及气体排放的类型和浓度，该项目的主要科学目标是解决热波长高光谱发射率数据绘制火山表面和熔岩类型图的能力。我们还寻求对熔岩流的运动施加强有力的限制，以及这如何有助于减轻灾害。该项目将使联合王国和UoI研究小组的技能和经验得以整合，并有助于将光谱发射率和热惯性测绘发展成为强大的业务观测方法。该项目的具体目标是：1。利用实验室和实地测量，从一系列有代表性的火山样本和地点建立光谱发射率和反射率测量数据库。量化综合光谱发射率和反射率数据集解决火山地形关键岩性分类所需的诊断矿物学信息的能力。量化（i）表面粗糙度、（ii）成分不均匀性、（iii）粒度、（iv）地形、（v）下沉长波辐射和（vi）视角对传感器在各种火山地形下从样品到场地到景观尺度接收的发射率光谱的影响的空间变异性。解决最佳采样、光谱和时间分辨率以及在具有代表性的火山地形范围内进行热惯性测绘的能力。将野外和无人机高光谱热数据集与（i）NERC ARF在冰岛野外采集的机载高光谱数据集和（ii）最近在冰岛一些火山研究地点采集的NERC ARF热波范围数据相结合。6.通过以尽可能高的信噪比检索最大量的矿物学和岩性分析，确定地面、机载和卫星热高光谱仪器的最佳空间和光谱分辨率。该提案提供了一个绝佳的机会，将NERC最近资助的研究团队的研究成果与NERC在机载和地面地球观测仪器和数据处理（现场光谱设施;机载研究设施和ARF数据分析节点）方面的重大投资相结合。这将开发一种强有力的操作方法，能够对火成岩的岩性、矿物学和岩石学信息进行现场到景观尺度的远程测绘，这是目前使用基于遥感的方法无法实现的。来自地面和无人机的光谱和时间超光谱热波动数据集将提供一种精确量化OWL仪器识别火山岩成分和结构的能力的方法。