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Sounding out the river: a new system for monitoring bedload mobilisation and transport

探测河流：监测底泥动员和运输的新系统

基本信息

批准号：
NE/T005920/1
负责人：
Mark Naylor
金额：
$ 27.74万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT005920%2F1
关键词：
Sounding out river new system

项目摘要

The mobilisation and transport of coarse sediment, referred to as bedload, has a profound impact on the evolution of mountain rivers, the surrounding basins they feed, and the communities that live within their catchments. However, we have few effective methods to routinely monitor bedload transport in near real-time because it is such a high energy and erosive environment under peak flow conditions. Hence, bedload monitoring can be considered a missing component of real-time environmental monitoring.In 'Sounding Out the River' we take advantage of low cost seismic sensor systems that have become available because of the rise of technology such as the Raspberry Pi computer and the ease to which these systems can be telemetered. We will demonstrate this system for monitoring the mobilisation and transport of bedload along the River Feshie in Scotland, which is catchment already monitored for a range of scientific projects. In order to ensure that the system is useful, usable and used we will co-produce the design with a range of stakeholders including SEPA, CEH, Practical Action Nepal and cbec eco-engineering UK Ltd.Beyond this proposal, we will then be able to address a range of environmental challenges, for example: - In Nepal the supply of coarse bedload to the mountain front has resulted in successive channel avulsion events on the Kosi River. This has caused the displacement of vulnerable people and the deposition of gravels across agricultural land has devastated communities. Through near real-time monitoring of bedload transport, we can better understand the dynamics of such systems and have the potential to develop early warning.- When rivers carry bedload, their erosive capacity increases; and when the bedload is deposited the beds become armoured. This poses a clear challenge for managing critical infrastructure.- Forecasting of flood hazard requires knowledge of the shape of the river bed. However, when flood waters mobilise the bedload, the shape of the bed changes which poses a problem for flood modelling. Our near-real time monitoring system has the potential to inform where and when we would expect flood models to start breaking down.- Bedload transport is an important process that cascades in the wake of other hazards, such as the monsoonal mobilisation of coarse sediment derived landslides triggered by the 2015 Nepal earthquake. It is often the case that these secondary processes (bedload transport) do not receive the same attention as the primary hazard (earthquake induced landsliding) because the uncertainty is often described as cascading, implying growing uncertainty. We believe that through the effective use of the monitoring proposed in this project, we have an opportunity to constrain the uncertainty and manage this cascading hazard.

粗沉积物（称为推移质）的动员和运输对山区河流的演变、它们所供养的周围盆地以及生活在其集水区内的社区都有着深远的影响。然而，我们有一些有效的方法来定期监测推移质输运在近实时，因为它是这样一个高能量和侵蚀环境下的洪峰流量条件。因此，推移质监测可以被认为是实时环境监测的一个缺失部分。在“探测河流”中，我们利用了低成本的地震传感器系统，这些系统由于Raspberry Pi计算机等技术的兴起而变得可用，并且这些系统可以轻松遥测。我们将展示这一系统的监测动员和推移质沿着在苏格兰，这是集水区已经监测了一系列的科学项目。为了确保该系统是有用的，可用的和使用的，我们将与一系列利益相关者共同制作设计，包括SEPA，CEH，尼泊尔实际行动和cbec生态工程英国有限公司。除了这个提案，我们将能够解决一系列环境挑战，例如：- 在尼泊尔，向山前输送粗泥沙导致科西河连续发生河道撕脱事件。这造成弱势群体流离失所，砾石在农田上的沉积破坏了社区。通过对推移质输运的近实时监测，我们可以更好地了解这些系统的动态，并有可能开发早期预警。当河流携带推移质时，其侵蚀能力增加;当推移质沉积时，河床变得坚硬。这对管理关键基础设施构成了明显的挑战。洪水灾害的预测需要了解河床的形状。然而，当洪水沃茨移动推移质时，河床的形状发生变化，这给洪水建模带来了问题。我们的近实时监测系统有可能告知我们预计洪水模型何时何地开始崩溃。推移质输运是一个重要的过程，在其他灾害发生后会发生级联，例如2015年尼泊尔地震引发的粗沉积物滑坡的季风动员。通常情况下，这些次级过程（推移质输运）没有得到与主要危害（地震引起的滑坡）相同的关注，因为不确定性通常被描述为级联，意味着越来越多的不确定性。我们相信，通过有效利用本项目中提出的监测，我们有机会限制不确定性并管理这种级联危险。