Particle Theory at the Tait Institute

泰特研究所的粒子理论

• 批准号: ST/J000329/1
• 负责人: Richard Ball
• 金额: $ 172.62万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FJ000329%2F1
• 关键词: Particle; Theory; Tait; Institute

There are two types of fundamental forces in Nature: Those responsible for particle interactions at subatomic scales and those responsible for the large scale structure of the universe. The former is described by Quantum Field Theories (QFT) such as the Standard Model. Currently, our understanding of Nature at the most fundamental level is at the crossroads. Last year, the LHC at CERN collided protons at higher energies than ever before, and this year there should be sufficient collisions to begin to explore physics at the TeV scale. Nobody yet knows what these data will reveal. However, there are very good reasons to believe that something fundamentally new will eventually be discovered, which might transform our understanding of basic physics, making the next few years the most exciting time for a generation or more. The discoveries could be new types of particle, such as the Higgs boson, new kinds of symmetries such as supersymmetry, or indeed something even more dramatic such as extra dimensions or mini black holes. Our rolling programme of research in Particle Physics Theory is designed to be at the forefront of these new discoveries: indeed Peter Higgs himself is Emeritus Professor here. Specifically, we provide theoretical calculations, using pen and paper, and the most powerful supercomputers, of both the huge number of background processes to be seen at LHC due to known physics, and the tiny signals expected in various models of new physics, in order to discriminate between signal and background, and thus maximise the discovery potential of the LHC. In parallel, we will attempt to understand the more complete picture of all the forces of Nature that may begin to emerge. The fundamental force responsible for large scale structure is described Einstein's General Theory of Relativity (GR). During the last three decades, string theory has emerged as a conceptually rich theoretical framework reconciling both GR and QFT. The low-energy limit of String Theory is supergravity (SUGRA), a nontrivial extension of GR in which the universe is described by a spacetime with additional geometric data. Members of the group have pioneered approaches to deriving observable cosmological consequences of String Theory, to studying how the geometrical notions on which GR is predicated change at very small ('stringy') distance scales, and the systematic classification of SUGRA backgrounds. The group is also engaged in using these theories to improve calculations in existing field theories. In summary, our research will impinge on both theoretical and computational aspects relevant to probing the phenomenology of incoming LHC data, and will also encompass a wide range of topics in QFT and gravitational aspects of String Theory, impinging on cosmology, particle physics and on the very nature of String Theory itself.

自然界中有两种基本力：一种负责亚原子尺度上的粒子相互作用，另一种负责宇宙的大尺度结构。前者由量子场论（QFT）描述，如标准模型。目前，我们对自然最基本的认识正处于十字路口。去年，欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的大型强子对撞机（LHC）以比以往任何时候都高的能量对撞质子，今年应该会有足够的对撞，开始探索TeV尺度的物理。没有人知道这些数据会揭示什么。然而，有很好的理由相信，一些根本性的新事物最终会被发现，这可能会改变我们对基础物理学的理解，使未来几年成为一代人或更多人最激动人心的时期。这些发现可能是新的粒子类型，如希格斯玻色子，新的对称类型，如超对称，或者甚至是更引人注目的东西，如额外维度或迷你黑洞。我们在粒子物理理论方面的滚动研究计划旨在走在这些新发现的前沿：事实上，彼得·希格斯本人就是这里的名誉教授。具体来说，我们提供了理论计算，使用笔和纸，以及最强大的超级计算机，对已知物理在大型强子对撞机上看到的大量背景过程，以及各种新物理模型中预期的微小信号，以便区分信号和背景，从而最大限度地提高大型强子对撞机的发现潜力。与此同时，我们将试图了解可能开始出现的所有自然力量的更完整的图景。爱因斯坦的广义相对论（GR）描述了造成大规模结构的基本力。在过去的三十年里，弦理论已经成为一个概念丰富的理论框架，它调和了广义相对论和量子力学。弦理论的低能量极限是超重力（SUGRA），这是广义相对论的非平凡扩展，其中宇宙是由具有附加几何数据的时空来描述的。该小组的成员开创了一系列方法来推导弦理论的可观测宇宙学结果，研究在非常小的（“弦”）距离尺度下预测GR的几何概念如何变化，以及对SUGRA背景的系统分类。该小组还致力于利用这些理论来改进现有场论的计算。总之，我们的研究将涉及与探测LHC传入数据的现象学相关的理论和计算方面，并且还将涵盖弦理论的QFT和引力方面的广泛主题，涉及宇宙学，粒子物理学和弦理论本身的本质。

项目成果

Discovering Technicolor

• DOI: 10.1140/epjp/i2011-11081-1
• 发表时间: 2011-04
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal Plus
• 作者: J. Andersen;O. Antipin;G. Azuelos;L. Debbio;E. Nobile;S. Chiara;T. Hapola;M. Järvinen;P. Lowdon;Y. Maravin;I. Masina;M. Nardecchia;C. Pica;Francesco Sannino

Domain wall QCD with near-physical pions

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.87.094514
• 发表时间: 2012-08
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: R. Arthur;T. Blum;T. Blum;P. Boyle;N. Christ;N. Garron;R. Hudspith;T. Izubuchi;C. Jung;C. Kelly;A. Lytle;R. Mawhinney;David Murphy;S. Ohta;S. Ohta;S. Ohta;C. Sachrajda;Amarjit Soni;J. Yu;J. Zanotti

Monte Carlo integration with subtraction

蒙特卡洛积分与减法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.08.003
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Computer Physics Communications
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Arthur R

Probing higher-order corrections in dijet production at the LHC

探索大型强子对撞机双喷射产生的高阶校正

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.114034
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Alioli S

Note on Rome-Southampton renormalization with smeared gauge fields

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.88.114506
• 发表时间: 2013-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: R. Arthur;P. Boyle;S. Hashimoto;R. Hudspith