A Consolidated Grant Proposal for Astrophysics and Solar System Research at the University of Leicester, 2013-2016

莱斯特大学天体物理学和太阳系研究综合资助提案，2013-2016

• 批准号: ST/K001000/1
• 负责人: Mark Lester
• 金额: $ 491.89万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FK001000%2F1
• 关键词: Consolidated; Grant; Proposal; Astrophysics; Solar

We will carry out world-class research programmes in astrophysics, solar system science and space science through the exploitation of data from space missions and ground based telescopes, as well as the development of new theories and the numerical simulation of processes in these areas, together with the development of new instrumental techniques and detectors for future missions and telescopes. The research programme is based around 4 research groups, who conduct their own research projects but also have a strong ethos of collaboration on topics of mutual interest. Our research seeks to understand basic processes that occur in our solar system, our local galaxy and in other galaxies and answer questions which are of great interest in the wider community. For example in our solar system research we wish to understand the space environments around the planets, as these vary strongly between the planets depending on their magnetisation, the nature of the atmosphere, the presence of moons, and the planetary rotation rate. We will also seek to understand how the atmospheres of the planets are influenced by external processes, particularly the expanding solar atmosphere as it moves away from the sun, also known as the solar wind. Through our work on cometary dust grains we will gain knowledge about how our solar system has formed, and through analyses of martian meteorites gain knowledge about habitability on Mars.Our Astrophysics research is no less exciting. Here we will search for new planets orbiting nearby stars which may mimic the planets that are present in our own solar system or indeed be very different, such as hot Neptunes, or Super Earths. This study will include the investigation of these new planetary atmospheres. We will also investigate some of the processes that occur in the most extreme of environments in our Universe by undertaking high energy astrophysics research focusing on extreme phenomena ranging from Galactic black hole binaries, through to active galactic nuclei (AGN) onto gamma-ray bursts. These studies will include the feedback processes that link AGN and their host galaxy evolution. Further we will maintain and enhance a programme in stellar astronomy with emphasis on the astrophysics of dwarf stars.We will also simulate using high performance computers these systems which in turn will provide information which can help our observations and vice versa. Through these simulations we will create theories and models of how these extreme systems behave and determine whether the Physics of these systems is different from that we understand in our own solar system. We will also use these simulations to search for the processes which create "dark matter", an unusually exotic type of matter.Finally we will also conduct laboratory experiments where we will develop new ways in which we can observe these systems from afar by developing new instruments for the next generation of space missions. This work is essential to ensure that we can develop our understanding further. It is also the case that from these experiments come other "spin-off" activities which can lead to benefits elsewhere other than Astrophysics and Space Science.The Department also has a thriving and active programme of engagement with the wider community, particularly school age children who are thrilled by the research that is undertaken in the Department. Finally we also propose to maintain a very strong commitment to knowledge transfer Academic beneficiaries.

我们将通过对太空任务和基于地面的望远镜的数据进行开发，以及新理论的发展以及这些领域的过程的数值模拟，以及开发未来任务和望远镜的新工具技术，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论，以开发新理论，并开发新理论，并开发新理论的数值模拟。该研究计划围绕4个研究小组，他们进行了自己的研究项目，但对共同利益主题的合作精神也有很强的精神。我们的研究旨在了解太阳系，当地星系和其他星系中发生的基本过程，并回答对更广泛社区引起的极大兴趣的问题。例如，在我们的太阳系研究中，我们希望了解行星周围的空间环境，因为这些行星之间的磁性，大气的性质，卫星的存在和行星旋转速率在行星之间有很大的不同。我们还将寻求了解行星的气氛如何受到外部过程的影响，尤其是随着太阳的越来越多，也被称为太阳风。通过我们在彗星粉尘晶粒方面的工作，我们将获得有关太阳系如何形成的知识，并通过对火星陨石的分析获得有关Martherapery of Mar的可居住性的知识。我们的天体物理学研究同样令人兴奋。在这里，我们将搜索绕附近恒星旋转的新行星，这些行星可能模仿我们自己的太阳系中存在的行星，或者确实是非常不同的，例如热海王星或超级地球。这项研究将包括对这些新的行星氛围的研究。我们还将通过进行高能量天体物理学研究，重点关注从银河黑洞二进制的极端现象，再到活跃的银河核（AGN）到伽马射线爆发的极端现象。这些研究将包括将AGN及其宿主星系演变联系起来的反馈过程。此外，我们将维护和增强恒星天文学的程序，重点是矮星的天体物理学。我们还将使用高性能计算机模拟这些系统，这些系统又将提供可以帮助我们的观察结果，反之亦然。通过这些模拟，我们将创建这些极端系统如何行为的理论和模型，并确定这些系统的物理学是否与我们在自己的太阳系中理解的物理学不同。我们还将使用这些仿真来搜索创建“暗物质”的过程，这是一种异国情调的物质类型。从本文中，我们还将进行实验室实验，在其中我们将开发新的方式，通过为下一代太空任务开发新工具，我们可以从AFAR观察这些系统。这项工作对于确保我们可以进一步发展我们的理解至关重要。也是从这些实验中进行的其他“分拆”活动，这些活动可能会导致其他其他地方的利益，而不是天体物理学和太空科学。该部门还制定了与更广泛的社区的繁荣和积极的互动计划，尤其是对部门进行的研究激动的学龄儿童。最后，我们还建议对知识转移学术受益者保持非常坚定的承诺。

项目成果

Planet formation in evolving protoplanetary discs

演化中的原行星盘中的行星形成

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1308.1791
• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: Alexander R

ChemCam results from the Shaler outcrop in Gale crater, Mars

• DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.07.025
• 发表时间: 2015-03-15
• 期刊: ICARUS
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Anderson, Ryan;Bridges, J. C.;Vaniman, D.
• 通讯作者: Vaniman, D.

Magnetospheres of hot Jupiters: hydrodynamic models and ultraviolet absorption

热木星的磁层：流体动力学模型和紫外线吸收

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv2867
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Alexander R

NGTS-19b: a high-mass transiting brown dwarf in a 17-d eccentric orbit

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1459
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: J. Acton;M. Goad;M. Burleigh;S. Casewell;H. Breytenbach;L. Nielsen;Gareth D. Smith;D. Anderson-D.-Anderso

Plasma observations during the Mars atmospheric "plume" event of March-April 2012

2012年3月至4月火星大气“羽流”事件期间的等离子体观测

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1603.05906
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Andrews D