Morphogenesis of the inner ear

内耳的形态发生

• 批准号: 6325465
• 负责人: GURKIRPAL S SOHAL
• 金额: $ 26.12万
• 依托单位: AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6325465
• 关键词: cell differentiation; cell migration; cell population study; embryo /fetus; histogenesis; labyrinth; mammalian embryology; microsurgery; neural plate /tube; otocyst /otolith; quail

The long-term goal of this investigation is to understand the molecular mechanisms of morphogenesis of the inner ear and the associated congenital anomalies. The inner ear develops from the otic vesicle, formed by the invagination of a placode of cells, which in the current thinking, consists of a single cell type. This view is inconsistent with the recent findings in this laboratory indicating that a heretofore unrecognized population of cells, originating from the ventral part of the hindbrain neural tube, migrates into the otic vesicle. The contribution of these cells, termed as the Ventrally Emigrating Neural Tube (VENT) cells, to the development of the inner ear is completely unknown and its understanding is indeed the main goal of this study. The hypothesis to be tested in the study proposed here is that the VENT cells make specific contributions to the morphogenesis of the inner ear. The hypothesis will be tested in avian embryos by determining whether particular cell types or structures develop from the VENT cells and whether their failure to contribute causes specific defects in the inner ear, by using a variety of microsurgical techniques. Specific aims are: (1) Determine the cellular composition of the otic vesicle in quail embryos. (2) Determine the specific derivatives of each cell population of the otic vesicle. (3) Determine if the VENT cells are required for normal development of the inner ear. Results of this study should provide significant new information by indicating the specific derivatives and function of an additional cell population in the development of the inner ear, which would lead to a revision of one of our current concepts of inner ear development namely, all sensory organs and virtually all the cell types in the inner ear develop from a single cell type.

这项研究的长期目标是了解内耳形态发生的分子机制和相关的先天性异常。内耳由耳泡发育而来，耳泡由细胞基板内陷形成，目前认为，耳泡由单细胞类型组成。这一观点与本实验室最近的研究结果不一致，该研究结果表明，一种迄今未被认识到的细胞群，起源于后脑神经管的腹侧部分，迁移到耳泡中。这些细胞，被称为神经迁移神经管（VENT）细胞，对内耳发育的贡献是完全未知的，它的理解确实是本研究的主要目标。在这里提出的研究中要检验的假设是，VENT细胞对内耳的形态发生有特定的贡献。这一假设将在鸟类胚胎中进行测试，通过使用各种显微外科技术来确定特定的细胞类型或结构是否从VENT细胞发育而来，以及它们的失败是否会导致内耳的特定缺陷。具体目的是：（1）测定鹌鹑胚胎耳泡的细胞组成。(2)确定耳泡的每个细胞群的特定衍生物。(3)确定VENT细胞是否是内耳正常发育所必需的。这项研究的结果应该提供重要的新信息，表明特定的衍生物和功能的额外的细胞群在内耳的发展，这将导致修订我们目前的概念之一，内耳发展，即所有的感觉器官和几乎所有的细胞类型在内耳发展从一个单一的细胞类型。